TRANSPORT AND BIODEGRADATION OF TOXIC ORGANICS IN BIOFILMS

描述(取自应用程序) 这项研究的总体目标是了解交通 土壤生物修复系统中涉及的退化机制 超级基金网站。确定生物膜在场地生物修复中的作用 被有毒有机物污染，如多环芳烃 (PAHs)，对于设计更有效的处理系统至关重要。我们建议 阐明用于修复土壤的土壤生物膜的特性 被多环芳烃污染并开发工程生物膜工艺 提高生物利用度和生物降解动力学。这些发现还应该 适用于其他有毒有机物的生物修复。其主要意图是 对生物膜在土壤中的作用有一个基本的了解 生物修复系统，就生物膜的生长和结构及其作用而言 对生物膜的传质作用对生物膜微生物负责 污染物的生物降解。这项研究的一个特别突出的方面 它不仅将解决单个化合物的生物修复问题，而且 也是一系列顽固的有毒化合物的混合物。这项研究 将包括对土壤生物膜特性的定义、对 生物膜胞外聚合物基质在将营养物质和污染物输送到 生物膜微生物或抑制它们的运动和发展 创新的多环芳烃生物修复工艺，最大限度地发挥 土壤生物膜。具体目标包括：(1)评价非生物和生物 土壤中多环芳烃的去向，包括吸附/解吸动力学、分布 系数和生物降解性；(2)表征 利用光和光在有毒有机物存在下生长的土壤生物膜 共聚焦扫描激光显微镜，化学特征 微电极生物膜及多环芳烃的分布和多样性 生物膜中的降解微生物；(3)测定微生物的降解程度 Microtox和致突变性试验对土壤中多环芳烃的解毒 程序；和(4)开发创新的土壤修复系统 要么是脉冲注入养分，要么是创建土壤生物墙。

DESCRIPTION (Taken from application) The overall goal of this research is to gain an understanding of the transport and degradation mechanisms involved in soil bioremediation systems at Superfund sites. Determining the role of biofilms in bioremediation of sites contaminated with toxic organics, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is crucial to designing more efficient treatment systems. We propose to elucidate the properties of soil biofilms used to remediate soils contaminated with PAHs and to develop engineered biofilm processes that enhance bioavailability and biodegradation kinetics. The findings should also be applicable to bioremediation of other toxic organics. The primary intent is to develop a fundamental understanding of the role of biofilms in soil bioremediation systems, in terms of biofilm growth and structure and the role of the biofilm on mass transport to the biofilm microorganisms responsible for the contaminant biodegradation. A particularly salient aspect of this research is that it will address not only bioremediation of individual compounds, but also mixtures of toxic compounds with a range of recalcitrance. This research will include definition of soil biofilm characteristics, the role of the biofilm exopolymer matrix in transporting nutrients and contaminants to biofilm microorganisms or in retarding their movement, and development of innovative PAH bioremediation processes that maximize the useful properties of soil biofilms. Specific aims include: (1) assessing the abiotic and biotic fates of PAHs in soils, including sorption/desorption kinetics, distribution coefficients and biodegradation; (2) characterizing the physical structure of soil biofilms growing in the presence of toxic organics using light and confocal scanning laser microscopy, the chemical characteristics of the biofilms using microelectrodes, and the distribution and diversity of PAH degrading microorganisms in the biofilm; (3) determining the degree of detoxification of PAHs in soils using Microtox and mutagenicity testing procedures; and (4) developing innovative soil remediation systems utilizing either pulsed injection of nutrients or creation of a soil biowall.