Agricultural and Organics waste to Value Added Bioproducts

农业和有机废物转化为增值生物产品

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05728
• 负责人: Acharya, Bishnu
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709651
• 关键词: Agricultural; Organics; waste; Value; Added

The transformation of agricultural waste to value added bioproducts for chemical, material, fuel and energy application creates an opportunity that fosters innovation, creates new jobs and increase competitiveness of Canada in global market. Canada, with more biomass resource per capita than any other country, offers a unique advantage to be a global leader in its development. This however requires continues innovation to be a frontrunner in the field. My proposed research is developed to meets above goals. The proposal is divided into two part: one to study the hydrothermal processing followed by activation for producing activated carbon fiber and another on syngas fermentation for producing bioplastics, each of which contribute towards bioproducts from agricultural and organic waste, thereby substituting petroleum based products and reducing greenhouse gas emission. For producing activated carbon fiber from agricultural waste, the focus will be on understanding the fundamental of hydrothermal and activation process. Some of the issues related to the proposed processes are: removal of inorganic content in biomass, designing system for different kind of feedstock, feeding feedstock into high-pressure reactor and energy integration for auto thermal operation. We will undertake an experimental and kinetic study of hydrothermal carbonization and activation process, examining the effect of temperature, pressure, residence time and medium. The kinetics would be then used to develop a novel continuous system. Further investigation into the continuous system will be done for optimization. The second part of the proposal focuses on utilizing the organic waste from the food processing industry for producing syngas and fermenting the syngas to produce bioplastics. Understanding the gasification of organic waste stream under super-critical gasification, effect of using calcium oxide for carbon dioxide capture and its effect on sorbent properties, developing system with efficient mass transfer between syngas and substrate during fermentation will be the focus of this study. Earlier work indicated that bacteria growth under fermentation condition and efficient mass transfer could be the bottlenecks. Experimental investigation would help to understand these phenomenons. Gas dispersion through hollow fiber membrane is proposed for efficient mass transfer. Besides mass transfer, cost of carbon source could effect the commercialization of the process. The use of waste stream as proposed in the research might address the cost issues. Each of the sub-projects will contribute to the training of highly qualified personnel.

农业废物转化为用于化学、材料、燃料和能源应用的增值生物产品创造了机会，促进了创新，创造了新的就业机会，并提高了加拿大在全球市场的竞争力。加拿大的人均生物质资源比其他任何国家都多，这为其发展提供了独特的优势，成为全球领先的国家。然而，这需要继续创新，才能成为该领域的领跑者。我提出的研究就是为了满足上述目标而开发的。该建议分为两部分：一部分研究水热处理后活化生产活性碳纤维，另一部分研究合成气体发酵生产生物塑料，两者都有助于利用农业和有机废物生产生物制品，从而取代石油产品并减少温室气体排放。对于利用农业废弃物生产活性碳纤维，重点将是了解水热和活化过程的基本原理。与该工艺相关的一些问题包括：去除生物质中的无机物含量、不同原料的系统设计、高压反应器进料以及自动热操作的能量集成。我们将进行水热碳化和活化过程的实验和动力学研究，考察温度、压力、停留时间和介质的影响。然后，该动力学将被用于开发一种新的连续体系。将对连续系统进行进一步的研究，以进行优化。建议的第二部分重点是利用食品加工业的有机废物生产合成气，并将合成气发酵生产生物塑料。了解有机废气在超临界气化条件下的气化过程，利用氧化钙捕集二氧化碳的效果及其对吸附剂性能的影响，开发发酵过程中合成气与底物之间高效传质的体系将是本研究的重点。早期的工作表明，发酵条件下的细菌生长和有效的传质可能是瓶颈。实验研究将有助于理解这些现象。为了实现高效的传质，提出了通过中空纤维膜进行气体分散。除传质外，碳源成本也会影响该工艺的商业化。研究中提出的使用废流可能会解决成本问题。每个次级项目都将有助于培训高素质人员。