Innovative cryopreservation protocol optimization for bovine sperm and embryos.**

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This project seeks to optimize sperm and embryo cryopreservation protocols through novel mathematical modelling and experimental design. For bull sperm, we apply a novel strategy of iterative protocol and media optimization that capitalizes on existing damage and membrane transport models to inform next trial steps in the development of complete cryopreservation protocols. For bovine embryos, we will use mathematically guided real-time feedback control of embryo volumes via CPA concentrations to equilibrate embryos in high CPA concentrations with one of three mathematically optimal approaches: minimal time, minimal CPA toxicity, or minimal embryos volume excursion.