EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE REMEDIATION BY THE USE OF NOVEL ECO-PROCESSES AND EMERGING GENOMIC TOOLS

通过使用新型生态过程和新兴基因组工具有效实施可持续修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04284
• 负责人: GalvezCloutier, Rosa
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=651465
• 关键词: EFFECTIVE; IMPLEMENTATION; SUSTAINABLE; REMEDIATION; USE

Contaminated sites are ubiquitous in Canada with the Federal registry listing 23,078 sites. Increasingly recurrent environmental emergencies involving unconventional oils such as Lac Mégantic's train derailment (Quebec) or pipeline leaks (Only in Alberta, 15609 leaks occurred between 1990 and 2012 - not including recent major spills in Peace, Slave and N. Saskatchewan rivers) provide evidence that contamination, with toxic compounds of vast water bodies and lands, results in enormous environmental damage and loss of ecological services e.g. source of drinking water. Biotreatments (aerobic biodegradation and phytoremediation) are favored remediation techniques. However, these techniques are applied as closed boxes not considering contaminant specificities or micro-organisms' functions or factors of importance to Canadian context. This results in poor remediation efficiency, residual toxicity due to unknown degradation byproducts preventing the re-use or recycling of treated soils and sediments. This research program will offer solutions by developing innovative in-situ ecotoxicity assessment protocols and tools and enhanced tiered biotreatments designed with assistance of genomic information. These advances in knowledge and tools developments are critically needed and when applied the outcomes will result in higher economic, technical and environmental benefits. The program will tackle specific families of contaminants present in Canadian sites, some emerging, namely: unconventional petroleum hydrocarbons (Dilbit and Bakken) –PHs– (mono, polycyclic aromatics; MAH and PAH, respectively, with accent on toxic alkyl-PAHs); trace metals –TMs – (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu) and transition metals –TRMs – (Hg, Va) present in unconventional oils; the highly toxic platinum-group elements PGEs – (Pt, Pd) which are present in all hazardous substances transportation pipelines/train cars and reservoirs, and Salts (Cl, SO4) from unconventional oils or winter road de-icing as they are widely found in high concentrations and affect site remediation. The originality of this research program is high and includes multiple aspects: 1) consideration of multiple ecotoxicity sources and cumulative effects in the design of monitoring and remedial actions; 2) use of emergent genomic tools to obtain key bioprocess information and enhance biotreatments; 3) study of emerging contaminants (alkyl-PAHs, Pt, Pd) and influence and attenuation of salts in remedial inhibition. It will also promote the emerging field of Integrative Remediation Engineering. An elevated number of HQP will be trained with advanced and innovative scientific and technical tools, promoting the exportation of Canadian know-how and know-do expertise in a crucial sector of importance to Canada and the world.******

受污染的场地在加拿大无处不在，联邦登记册列出了23,078个场地。涉及非常规石油的环境紧急情况越来越频繁，如Lac Mégantic的火车出轨（魁北克）或管道泄漏（仅在阿尔伯塔，1990年至2012年发生了15609次泄漏-不包括最近在Peace，Slave和N.萨斯喀彻温省河流的污染（有毒化合物对大片水体和土地的污染）提供了证据，导致了巨大的环境破坏和生态服务的损失，例如饮用水源。生物处理（好氧生物降解和植物修复）是受欢迎的修复技术。然而，这些技术是作为封闭的盒子使用的，没有考虑到污染物的特性或微生物的功能或对加拿大环境具有重要意义的因素。这导致补救效率低下，由于未知的降解副产物而产生的残留毒性阻碍了经处理的土壤和沉积物的再利用或再循环。该研究计划将通过开发创新的原位生态毒性评估方案和工具以及在基因组信息的帮助下设计的增强分层生物处理来提供解决方案。这些知识和工具开发方面的进展是迫切需要的，如果应用这些成果，将产生更高的经济、技术和环境效益。该计划将解决加拿大场地中存在的特定污染物系列，其中一些是新兴的，即：非常规石油烃（Dilbit和Bakken）-PHs-（单环、多环芳烃;分别为MAH和PAH，重点是有毒的烷基多环芳烃）;痕量金属-TM-（Pb、Cd、Zn、Ni、Cu）和过渡金属-TRM-（Hg、Va）;存在于所有危险物质运输管道/火车汽车和储库中的高毒性铂族元素PGE-（Pt，Pd），以及盐（Cl，SO 4）或冬季道路除冰，因为它们广泛存在于高浓度中，并影响现场修复。该研究计划的原创性很高，包括多个方面：1）在监测和补救措施的设计中考虑多种生态毒性来源和累积效应; 2）使用紧急基因组工具获得关键的生物过程信息并加强生物处理; 3）研究新出现的污染物（烷基多环芳烃，铂，钯）以及盐在补救抑制中的影响和衰减。它还将促进综合修复工程的新兴领域。更多的HQP将接受先进和创新的科学和技术工具的培训，促进加拿大在对加拿大和世界至关重要的关键部门的专业知识和专门知识的出口。