IceCube data analysis and detector upgrade developments

位于南极洲南极站的冰立方中微子天文台是世界上最大的中微子探测器。它的中微子能量在几百GeV到几十PeV之间，是研究高能中微子和间接宇宙暗物质搜索的首选设备。2008年，冰立方的原始设计被称为“深核”（DeepCore）的低能扩展部分所增强，它将观测站的阈值降低到大约10 GeV，并启动了一个以南极为基础的粒子物理项目，该项目专注于中微子振荡测量和间接暗物质搜索。****** IceCube和DeepCore探测器阵列的运行效率超过99%，数据分析达到了全灵敏度和高影响结果，包括高能天体物理中微子通量的先进研究，世界领先的间接暗物质搜索，以及具有全球竞争力的中微子振荡测量。在这些成功的基础上，该合作正在开发冰立方的低能（PINGU）和高能扩展，以实现基本的中微子测量，并确定最高能量中微子的来源，从而对标准模型进行关键测试。******加拿大冰立方项目由阿尔伯塔大学和SNOLAB的6名教员领导。这是一个领导小组，在合作的各个方面进行正在进行的数据分析，为探测器所能获得的全部能量范围。该小组的活动包括校准的新发展，新的重建算法和蒙特卡罗模拟的先进技术，旨在减少主探测器系统的不确定性。我们的高级物理分析主要集中在20 GeV附近的大气中微子振荡测量，大气中微子通量，间接暗物质搜索，以及中微子味比精确测量和洛伦兹违逆测试的高能中微子研究。通过任命PI Grant为PINGU低能扩展项目的联合召集人，并担任出版委员会主席，Clark为PINGU项目的分析协调员，Kopper为扩散中微子工作组的联合召集人，加拿大的贡献得到了国际冰立方合作的认可。******提案中要求提供资金，以维持当前的核心冰立方分析活动，并继续开发未来的探测器升级。目前，冰立方加拿大小组包括一名班廷研究员，两名NSERC支持的博士后，两名继续攻读博士学位的研究生，三名硕士生和三名本科生。要求支持额外的研究生和本科生研究人员、旅费以促进该小组在这一独特的国际合作中发挥作用，并要求提供共同基金捐款。

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at South Pole Station Antarctica, is the world's largest neutrino detector. Optimized for neutrino energies between a few hundred GeV and tens of PeV, it is the premier facility for the study of high-energy neutrinos and indirect cosmological dark matter searches. In 2008 the original design for IceCube was augmented with a low-energy extension, called DeepCore, that reduced the threshold for the observatory to approximately 10 GeV and initiated an Antarctic-based particle physics program focused on neutrino oscillation measurements and indirect dark matter searches. ******The IceCube and DeepCore detector arrays are operating with greater than 99% efficiency and the data analyses are reaching full sensitivity with high impact results, including the advanced studies of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux, world-leading indirect dark matter searches, and globally competitive neutrino oscillation measurements. Building on these successes, the collaboration is developing low-energy (PINGU) and high-energy extensions to IceCube to achieve fundamental neutrino measurements and identify the sources of the highest energy neutrinos leading to key tests of the standard model.******The Canadian IceCube program is lead by 6 faculty members at the University of Alberta and SNOLAB. This is a leading group within the collaboration in all aspects of the on-going data analyses for the full energy range accessible by the detector. The group's activities include novel developments in calibrations, new reconstruction algorithms and advanced techniques in the Monte Carlo simulations, designed to reduce the primary detector systematic uncertainties. Our high-level physics analyses are primarily focused on measurements of atmospheric neutrino oscillations near 20 GeV, the atmospheric neutrino flux, indirect dark matter searches, and studies of high-energy neutrinos for precision measurements of the neutrino flavour ratio and tests of Lorentz violation. Recognition by the international IceCube collaboration of the Canadian contributions has come through current appointments of PI Grant as the co-convenor for the PINGU low-energy extension and chair of the Publications Committee, Clark as the analysis coordinator for the PINGU project, and Kopper as co-convener for the Diffuse neutrino working group.******Requested in the proposal is funding to maintain the current core IceCube analysis activities and to continue the development of the future detector upgrades. The current IceCube Canada groups include a Banting Fellow, 2 NSERC supported postdoctoral fellows, 2 continuing PhD graduate students, 3 MSc students and 3 undergraduate researchers. Support for additional graduate and undergraduate researchers, travel expenses to facilitate the group's role in this unique international collaboration, and common fund contributions are requested.