Identification of plant-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from resistant wild potato species as new bio-pesticides against major bacterial and fungal potato diseases in Canada

鉴定来自抗性野生马铃薯品种的植物源抗菌肽（AMP）作为针对加拿大主要细菌性和真菌性马铃薯病害的新型生物农药

• 批准号: 524241-2018
• 负责人: Matton, Daniel
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=659062
• 关键词: Identification; plant; derived; antimicrobial; peptides

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural antibiotics arising from the host innate immune system. They exist**in all life forms from microorganisms to humans. In response to pathogen attack, AMPs are rapidly released to**form a first line of defense. Positively charged AMPs bind to the negatively charged bacterial membrane, or the**negatively charged glycoproteins located at the fungal cell walls, leading to membrane depolarization and death**of the pathogens. Due to their direct and potent mode of action, AMPs have minimal risk of raising resistance,**making them an excellent alternative to traditional antibiotics in treatment of resistant infections. AMPs have**also been widely used as food preservatives. In contrast, the application of AMPs in agriculture has been**largely hindered by regulations and minimal public acceptance of AMP-transgenic plants. Our initial goal is to**fill the gap of insufficient development of AMP-based biological products in plant pathogen control using**bio-innovation. In collaboration with Progest 2001 Inc., we will explore the potential of novel AMPs from wild**potato species known to be highly resistant to bacterial and fungal invasion, contrary to the cultivated potato.**These AMPs, individually and in combinations, will be expressed and tested on major bacterial and fungal**potato pathogens using classical microbicidal activity assay on Petri dishes, the Resazurin-based microdilution**method in 96-well plates, and with microfluidic devices that can monitor multiple experiments simultaneously,**increase robustness, speed and lower culture media costs, depending on the pathogen tested.

抗菌肽（Antimicrobial peptides，AMP）是由宿主先天免疫系统产生的天然抗生素。它们存在于从微生物到人类的所有生命形式中。为了应对病原体的攻击，AMP被迅速释放以形成第一道防线。带正电荷的AMP与带负电荷的细菌膜或位于真菌细胞壁的带负电荷的糖蛋白结合，导致病原体的膜去极化和死亡。由于其直接和有效的作用模式，AMP增加耐药性的风险最小，** 使其成为传统抗生素治疗耐药性感染的绝佳替代品。AMP也被广泛用作食品防腐剂。相比之下，AMP在农业中的应用在很大程度上受到法规和公众对AMP转基因植物接受程度的限制。我们的初步目标是利用 ** 生物创新填补AMP生物制品在植物病原菌防治中开发不足的差距。与Progest 2001 Inc.合作，我们将探索来自野生 ** 马铃薯物种的新型AMP的潜力，已知野生 ** 马铃薯物种对细菌和真菌入侵具有高度抗性，与栽培马铃薯相反。**这些AMP，单独和组合，将表达和测试对主要的细菌和真菌 ** 马铃薯病原体使用经典的杀微生物活性测定在皮氏培养皿，刃天青为基础的微量稀释 ** 方法在96孔板，并与微流体装置，可以同时监测多个实验，** 增加鲁棒性，速度和降低培养基成本，这取决于测试的病原体。