Versatile modification of surfaces using scalable gas-phase chemical reactions

使用可扩展的气相化学反应对表面进行多功能改性

• 批准号: 418447-2013
• 负责人: Tavares, JasonRobert
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666582
• 关键词: Versatile; modification; surfaces; using; scalable

The size- and surface-driven properties of nanoparticles have attracted a great deal of research interest in the past decade. Indeed, nanoparticles are sufficiently small that they may be incorporated into other media to bring about new properties (enhanced strength, better heat transfer and electrical conductivity, optical absorbance, etc.) without significantly affecting the existing properties of the host media (weight or viscosity increase, flexibility, etc.) - these are called nanocomposites. Moreover, because of their small size, nanoparticles are also being studied in the field of biomedicine: they are small enough to cross certain cellular membranes and can thus act as drug carriers. However, there is one common step required to use nanoparticles in any of these applications: their surface must be pre-conditioned. Indeed, their high surface-to-volume ratio makes particle agglomeration a significant nuisance - untreated nanoparticles tend to agglomerate and form heavier structures that do not possess the desired "nano" properties. Beyond preventing agglomeration, the treatment step can be used to graft additional functionalities to the nanoparticle's surface, thus paving the way for more applications. While previous studies have successfully pre-conditioned nanoparticles using surfactants or liquid-based functionalization methods, these are now facing severe limitations. Surfactants desorb under the small heat loads commonly encountered in nanocomposite processing. While functionalization fares better in this area, the liquid-based approaches face their own share of issues: solvent compatibility, complex reactions, toxicity and difficulty in separating the functionalized particles from leftover reagents and/or by-products (issues that are compounded when attempting to form multifunctional surfaces). As such, the present research program will focus on more versatile gas-phase nanoparticle functionalization methods that are not subject to these limitations. Specifically, photo-initiated CVD will be the preferred functionalization tool, as it shows promise in tailoring particle surfaces. This work is expected to extend our capabilities to functionalize and tailor nanoparticles and will have a strong impact on the Canadian advanced materials sector.************************

在过去的十年中，纳米颗粒的大小和表面驱动特性吸引了很多研究兴趣。的确，纳米颗粒足够小，可以将它们纳入其他介质，以实现新的特性（增强的强度，更好的传热和电导率，光吸光度等），而不会显着影响宿主介质的现有特性（重量或粘度增加，灵活性等） - 这些称为Nanocomposites。此外，由于其尺寸很小，还在生物医学领域研究了纳米颗粒：它们足够小，可以越过某些细胞膜，因此可以充当药物载体。但是，在任何这些应用中使用纳米颗粒需要一个共同的步骤：必须预先调节其表面。确实，它们的高表面积比例使粒子聚集成为一个明显的滋扰 - 未处理的纳米颗粒倾向于凝聚并形成较重的结构，而这些结构不具有所需的“纳米”特性。除了防止团聚外，可以使用治疗步骤将其他功能移植到纳米颗粒表面，从而为更多应用铺平了道路。虽然先前的研究已使用表面活性剂或基于液体的功能化方法成功地预先调查了纳米颗粒，但这些方法现在面临严重的局限性。在纳米复合加工中通常遇到的小热载荷下的表面活性剂解吸物。尽管该领域的功能化票价更好，但基于液体的方法面临着自己的各种问题：溶剂兼容性，复杂的反应，毒性和难以将功能化颗粒与剩余试剂和/或副产物分离（试图形成多官方表面时试图复杂的问题））。因此，本研究计划将集中于不受这些限制的更通用的气相纳米粒子功能化方法。具体而言，照片引发的CVD将是首选的功能化工具，因为它显示出定制粒子表面的希望。这项工作有望扩大我们的功能化和量身定制纳米颗粒的能力，并将对加拿大高级材料部门产生强大的影响。*************************************************