Model-based Design and Validation Techniques for Smart and Safe Cyber-Physical Systems

动机和意义。智能网络物理系统（CPS）将把低能耗传感器和执行器、移动的设备以及云基础设施的计算能力与传统的关键嵌入式系统（如汽车、医疗设备等）连接起来。可能造成重大经济损失、严重破坏甚至人员伤亡的。但是，我们如何在一个不断发展的开放环境中保证这些智能和关键系统的安全性，弹性和可信度？*研究背景：智能安全的CPS需要（i）自主感知其操作环境并适应具有大量节点的开放，异构和分布式环境中的变化，（iii）动态获取可用资源并聚合服务以做出实时决策，以及（iv）以安全，弹性和可信的方式持续提供关键服务。* 长期挑战：我的研究计划将集中在以下长期的研究挑战：（1）如何设计和管理动态进化的智能和安全的CPS，以满足多域的要求（例如，一致性，功能外或物理）？(2)如何保证或验证具有多域需求的智能安全CPS在开放和不断变化的环境中提供服务质量？*研究计划：我的研究计划将开发创新的基于模型的设计，管理，验证和优化技术和工具，用于工程智能和安全的CPS。重点将放在提出具有精确语义基础的可扩展解决方案（适用于工业规模的系统）和增量方法（利用先前可用的信息进行决策）上。研究团队：这项研究计划将有助于培养6名博士，3名工程硕士和8名本科生在国际环境中进行。* 结果：预期的结果包括：（1）在给定覆盖标准的情况下合成一致的大型模型实例，以在各种环境中测试CPS;（2）分布式和增量式运行时监视器，以检测关键情况;以及（3）增量式基于规则的设计空间探索方法，以安全和最佳的方式管理不断发展的CPS。影响：随着智能设备和系统逐渐渗透到我们的日常生活中，它们的安全性可能会越来越受到关注。这项研究计划的结果将有助于保证新的智能设备可以安全地集成到我们的智能家居中，以减少能源消耗，而不会产生不良的副作用。联网汽车可以受益于分布式运行时监控器提供的决策支持，以避免事故和交通堵塞。智慧城市可以通过使用设计空间探索技术来提高灾难准备。

Motivation and Significance. Smart cyber-physical systems (CPS) will connect low-energy sensors and actuators, mobile devices and the computational power of cloud infrastructures with traditional critical embedded systems (like cars, medica devices, etc.) where a failure may result in major financial loss, severe damage or even casualties. But how can we guarantee the safety, resilience and trustworthiness of such smart and critical systems in a continuously evolving, open environment?***Research Context: A smart&safe CPS needs to (i) autonomously perceive its operational context and adapt to changes in an open, heterogeneous and distributed environment with a massive number of nodes, (iii) dynamically acquire available resources and aggregate services in order to make real-time decisions, and (iv) continuously provide critical services in a safe, resilient and trustworthy way. ***Long-term Challenges: My research program will focus on the following long-term research challenges:(1) How to design and manage dynamically evolving smart&safe CPSs to fulfill multi-domain requirements (e.g. consistency, extrafunctional or physical)? (2) How to guarantee or validate that smart&safe CPS with multi-domain requirements deliver quality of service in an open and changing environment?***Research Plan: My research program will develop innovative model-based design, management, validation and optimization techniques and tools for engineering smart&safe CPSs. Significant focus will be placed to come up with scalable solutions (applicable to industrial size systems) and incremental approaches (which exploit previously available information to make decisions) with precise semantic foundations.***Research Team: This research program will contribute to the training of 6 PhD, 3 MEng and 8 undergraduate students to be carried out in an international environment. ***Outcome: The expected results include the (1) synthesis of consistent and large model instances with given coverage criteria to test CPS in various contexts, (2) distributed and incremental runtime monitors to detect critical situations, and (3) incremental rule-based design space exploration approaches to manage evolving CPS in a safe and optimal way.***Impact: As smart devices and systems will gradually penetrate our every day life all over the world, their safety will likely be an increasing concern. Results of this research program will help guarantee that a new smart device can safely be integrated into our smart home to reduce energy consumption without undesired side effects. Connected cars may benefit from decision support provided by distributed runtime monitors to avoid accidents and traffic jams. Smart cities may increase catastrophic preparedness by using design space exploration techniques.**