Model-based Design and Validation Techniques for Smart and Safe Cyber-Physical Systems

动机和意义。智能网络物理系统(CPS)将把低能耗传感器和执行器、移动设备和云基础设施的计算能力与传统的关键嵌入式系统(如汽车、Medica设备等)连接起来。发生故障可能造成重大经济损失、严重损害甚至人员伤亡的。但如何在不断发展的开放环境中保证这些智能和关键系统的安全性、弹性和可信性？*研究背景：智能和安全的CPS需要(I)自主感知其运行环境并适应大量节点的开放、异构和分布式环境中的变化，(Iii)动态获取可用资源和聚合服务以做出实时决策，以及(Iv)以安全、弹性和可信的方式持续提供关键服务。*长期挑战：我的研究计划将专注于以下长期研究挑战：(1)如何设计和管理动态演变的智能安全CPSS，以满足多域需求(如一致性、功能外或物理需求)？(2)如何保证或验证具有多域需求的智能安全CPSS在开放和变化的环境中提供服务质量？*研究计划：我的研究计划将为工程智能安全CPSS开发创新的基于模型的设计、管理、验证和优化技术和工具。重点将放在提出可扩展的解决方案(适用于工业规模系统)和渐进式方法(利用先前可用的信息做出决策)和精确的语义基础上。*研究团队：该研究计划将有助于在国际环境中培养6名博士、3名孟加拉人和8名本科生。*结果：预期结果包括：(1)在给定的覆盖标准下合成一致的大型模型实例，以在各种环境中测试CP；(2)分布式和增量运行时监视器，以检测关键情况；以及(3)基于规则的增量设计空间探索方法，以安全和最佳的方式管理不断发展的CP。*影响：随着智能设备和系统将逐渐渗透到我们的日常生活中，它们的安全性可能会越来越受到关注。这项研究计划的结果将有助于保证一种新的智能设备可以安全地集成到我们的智能家居中，以降低能耗，而不会产生不良的副作用。联网汽车可能受益于分布式运行时监控器提供的决策支持，以避免事故和交通拥堵。智能城市可能会通过使用设计空间探索技术来增加灾难准备。**

Motivation and Significance. Smart cyber-physical systems (CPS) will connect low-energy sensors and actuators, mobile devices and the computational power of cloud infrastructures with traditional critical embedded systems (like cars, medica devices, etc.) where a failure may result in major financial loss, severe damage or even casualties. But how can we guarantee the safety, resilience and trustworthiness of such smart and critical systems in a continuously evolving, open environment?***Research Context: A smart&safe CPS needs to (i) autonomously perceive its operational context and adapt to changes in an open, heterogeneous and distributed environment with a massive number of nodes, (iii) dynamically acquire available resources and aggregate services in order to make real-time decisions, and (iv) continuously provide critical services in a safe, resilient and trustworthy way. ***Long-term Challenges: My research program will focus on the following long-term research challenges:(1) How to design and manage dynamically evolving smart&safe CPSs to fulfill multi-domain requirements (e.g. consistency, extrafunctional or physical)? (2) How to guarantee or validate that smart&safe CPS with multi-domain requirements deliver quality of service in an open and changing environment?***Research Plan: My research program will develop innovative model-based design, management, validation and optimization techniques and tools for engineering smart&safe CPSs. Significant focus will be placed to come up with scalable solutions (applicable to industrial size systems) and incremental approaches (which exploit previously available information to make decisions) with precise semantic foundations.***Research Team: This research program will contribute to the training of 6 PhD, 3 MEng and 8 undergraduate students to be carried out in an international environment. ***Outcome: The expected results include the (1) synthesis of consistent and large model instances with given coverage criteria to test CPS in various contexts, (2) distributed and incremental runtime monitors to detect critical situations, and (3) incremental rule-based design space exploration approaches to manage evolving CPS in a safe and optimal way.***Impact: As smart devices and systems will gradually penetrate our every day life all over the world, their safety will likely be an increasing concern. Results of this research program will help guarantee that a new smart device can safely be integrated into our smart home to reduce energy consumption without undesired side effects. Connected cars may benefit from decision support provided by distributed runtime monitors to avoid accidents and traffic jams. Smart cities may increase catastrophic preparedness by using design space exploration techniques.**