Integrated hydraulic-GIS model for pluvial urban flooding risk analysis

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In Canada, urban flooding is a reoccurring disaster and its frequency and intensity are likely to increase in the**near future due to increases in the number of storm events. An active and instructive assessment of urban**flooding hazards is necessary and valuable for flood response and future planning. The objective is to develop**an urban flooding hazard evaluation strategy using GIS technology. To help realize this objective, the project**collaborates with Esri Canada, the Canadian distributor of enterprise geographic information system (GIS)**software solutions developed by Esri Inc. In the present, GIS-based and hydraulic/hydrologic models are the**two widely-used solutions for urban flooding analysis. However, the majority of current multi-criteria GIS**models introduce subjectivity and unwanted approximations to the results. In contrast, hydraulic/hydrologic**models provide great detail and accuracy but suffer from high computational cost. Hence, this project seeks to**integrate the GIS and hydraulic/hydrologic models, in order to take advantage of the strengths from both**approaches. Until today, limited research has been done on this topic. The proposed methodology includes: (1)**performing hydraulic/hydrologic model-based analysis in small training areas to obtain maximum water depth**maps; (2) using the maximum water depth maps in training areas to establish a GIS model, which allows the**GIS model to simulate the hydraulic/hydrologic model; (3) analyzing the resulting urban flooding hazard**distribution. The final results from this project will be integrated into Esri Canada services, which scientifically**evaluate urban flooding hazards based on locational attributes. The research and findings will directly benefit**Canadian urban flood hazard mapping by providing a straightforward means of assessing risk. The use of urban**flood hazard maps can assist future flood response effectiveness and drainage infrastructure design. It is**valuable to know locations that have high possibility to flood before the flood actually happens. This can lead**to a better prepared and safer urban environment against recent increases in severe storm events.