Investigating biogeochemical controlled redox gradients in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems

研究陆地和水生生态系统中生物地球化学控制的氧化还原梯度

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04960
• 负责人: Weisener, Christopher
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=668363
• 关键词: Investigating; biogeochemical; controlled; redox; gradients

The development of biogeochemical gradients is often dependent on a microorganism's ability to physically alter and interact with its chemical surroundings. In many cases the activity of microorganism will directly impact the chemical conditions in both surface and subsurface water environments controlling the fate of nutrients and contaminants alike. However we face several daunting challenges when defining the bioremediation strategy of choice. Often the application is not straightforward since in many cases the anthropogenic disturbance has altered the local landscape creating problems when defining the remedial end goal. Questions arise such as what are the baselines or reference systems that can be used and hopefully applied to support a remedial action of choice. What indices can be used to study the long term and short-term controls on the mobility, cycling, and bioavailability of toxic metals and organic contaminants? For example, studies in our lab have shown that mineral dissolution in the presence of bacteria can lead to specific pathways of metal release and will control the fate of these elements dependent on the metals solubility and how the bacteria utilize this aspect during its metabolism. Our research has observed this in both laboratory and applied industrial applications. This research program will continue to focus on the interactions between mineral systems/sediments and bacteria with an emphasis on elucidating mechanistic chemical pathways used by reducing and oxidizing forms of bacteria at the sediment water interface. This research will be hypothesis driven and use novel microbial and analytical techniques in both laboratory and field based programs to address these research questions. The information will be applied to support comprehensive models for biogeochemical cycling in natural and anthropogenic stressed environmental ecosystems. In addition research within this program will support the development new environmental tracers to track. Maintaining sustainable freshwater resources are directly tied to Canada's continued socio-economic success (i.e. agriculture, industry, people, and tourism). This research program will enhance our understanding of how bacteria control metal release in natural ecosystems as well as those impacted by mining sector and anthropogenic inputs.**

生物地球化学梯度的发展通常取决于微生物物理改变并与化学环境相互作用的能力。在许多情况下，微生物的活性将直接影响控制养分和污染物命运的表面和地下水环境中的化学条件。但是，在定义选择的生物修复策略时，我们面临着几个艰巨的挑战。通常，应用程序并不简单，因为在许多情况下，人为干扰改变了当地景观，在定义补救最终目标时会产生问题。出现的问题，例如可以使用并希望用于支持选择的补救措施的基准或参考系统。哪些指数可以用于研究有毒金属和有机污染物的迁移率，循环和生物利用度的长期和短期控制？例如，我们实验室中的研究表明，在细菌存在下矿物质溶解可以导致金属释放的特定途径，并将控制这些元素的命运，这些元素取决于金属溶解度以及细菌在代谢过程中如何利用这一方面。我们的研究已经在实验室和应用工业应用中观察到了这一点。该研究计划将继续关注矿物系统/沉积物与细菌之间的相互作用，重点是阐明通过减少沉积物水界面上细菌和氧化形式使用的机械化学途径。这项研究将以假设为驱动，并在实验室和现场计划中使用新颖的微生物和分析技术来解决这些研究问题。该信息将用于支持自然和人为应力环境生态系统中生物地球化学循环的综合模型。此外，该计划中的研究将支持开发新的环境示踪剂进行跟踪。维持可持续的淡水资源与加拿大持续的社会经济成功（即农业，工业，人民和旅游业）直接相关。该研究计划将增强我们对细菌控制金属在自然生态系统中的释放以及受矿业部门和人为输入影响的研究的理解。**