Novel heat treated sinapates: antioxidant activity and structure-function relationship

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Commercially used canola seeds as well as its associated by-products are rich sources of natural sinapic acid and diverse forms of sinapic acid containing polyphenols (referred as sinapates). The sinapates are known to exhibit antioxidative properties and the esterified sinapic acid, sinapine, is a component of many traditional Chinese medicines highlighting*its interesting benefits to health. However, food processing can generate novel active compounds, in many cases more pronounced than their parent e.g., dimers and oligomers, decarboxylated forms, oxidized forms or other intermediate products. Some polyphenols are unstable and readily oxidized during extraction and processing, but the structural changes are not properly understood. A decarboxylated product of sinapic acid, known as canolol and its isomers are of interest due to their antioxidant, anti- inflammatory and antimutagenic effects.  Thus, accelerated heat and pressurized extraction technique will be used to extract and investigate these novel bioactives. Sinapates will be efficiently extracted from canola seeds as they are readily available and unique to Canada. The proposed work will pursue a novel green accelerated "hazardous solvent-free" extraction technique to establish an individualized structure-function relation that is essential for explaining antioxidant behavior. Unique properties related to oxidative stress such as radical scavenging activity and inhibition of oxidation will be determined in order to provide fundamental information on  structure-function relationships. The purified polyphenols will be tested in various food relevant systems such as oils and emulsions in order to determine novel uses in foods formulations. This is anticipated to result in new knowledge relating to ***1) production of novel antioxidant polyphenolic compounds using oilseed and vegetal by-products that contain sinapates and ***2) new uses of polyphenols as efficient antioxidant ingredients to formulate functional foods and nutraceuticals. ***Trainees will get specialized training in this area through a hypothesis-driven research program in order to prepare them for the food industry and academia. Knowledge linking these bioactive polyphenols to the associated health benefits and antioxidant effects will benefit the scientific community and the Canadian Canola and related food processing industry.