Advanced Cold Plasma Synthesis of Organic Networks and Molecules

有机网络和分子的先进冷等离子体合成

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06421
• 负责人: GirardLauriault, PierreLuc
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682055
• 关键词: Advanced; Cold; Plasma; Synthesis; Organic

Cold, non-equilibrium plasmas are created when a sufficiently high electrical potential is applied to a gas, causing its partial ionization. The associated electrical field transfer energy to the freed electrons, generating “hot” energetic electrons while the unaffected neutral molecules, which constitute the majority of the gas, maintain an average temperature close to ambient. This unique environment allows to trigger chemical reactions having high activation energies, which are generally unachievable around room temperature, without the associated effects of high temperatures, such as melting and carbonization. Cold plasmas have found applications in key technological areas, the main ones being lighting (fluorescent tubes) and microelectronics where they are used for deposition and etching of material layers that constitute electronic chips. Another key field where cold plasmas have found important applications is surface engineering where cold plasmas are used to alter to surface properties of materials to render them suitable for given applications. A common application is to use an atmospheric pressure corona discharge to improve the wetting of polymer films before printing in order to allow inks to adhere properly to the plastic. Another application, at the other end of the added value spectrum, is the surface engineering of biomedical implants to favour their incorporation in the body. Recently, direct interactions between cold plasma and liquids for destruction or synthesis of molecules as well as for direct medical applications has been a new and rapidly expanding research area. ***This proposal presents a research program aimed at developing cold plasma methods for the synthesis of organic molecules and networks macromolecules with a mainly random structure - both as thin films, from the gas phase, and directly in liquids. The proposed program presents a comprehensive approach with developments in reactor and source design, characterization methods, fundamental studies and application oriented developments. A significant portion of the program is dedicated to surface engineering involving the deposition of thin organic coatings prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition of mixtures of small organic molecules. This approach has been shown highly successful to produce tailored solutions, in the form of pH responsive functional coatings with adjustable surface chemistry and surface charge, to various industrially relevant problems going from absorption of CO2 to controlling the speed of liquid flow in microfluidic devices. The impact of the work described here will be felt on a wider range of applications, going from medical implants, to cell culture material and in the polymer processing industry.*****

当一个足够高的电势被施加到气体上，导致其部分电离时，就会产生冷的非平衡等离子体。 相关的电场将能量转移到自由电子，产生“热”高能电子，而构成气体大部分的未受影响的中性分子保持接近环境的平均温度。 这种独特的环境允许触发具有高活化能的化学反应，这在室温附近通常是无法实现的，而没有高温的相关影响，例如熔化和碳化。 冷等离子体已在关键技术领域得到应用，主要是照明（荧光灯管）和微电子领域，用于沉积和蚀刻构成电子芯片的材料层。冷等离子体已经发现重要应用的另一个关键领域是表面工程，其中冷等离子体用于改变材料的表面性质，使其适合于给定的应用。 一种常见的应用是使用大气压电晕放电来改善印刷前聚合物薄膜的润湿性，以使油墨正确地粘附到塑料上。 在附加值范围的另一端，另一个应用是生物医学植入物的表面工程，以促进其融入体内。近年来，冷等离子体与液体之间的直接相互作用，用于分子的破坏或合成以及用于直接医疗应用，已经成为一个新的和迅速扩展的研究领域。 * 该提案提出了一项研究计划，旨在开发冷等离子体方法，用于合成具有主要随机结构的有机分子和网络大分子-无论是作为薄膜，从气相还是直接在液体中。 该计划提出了一个全面的方法，在反应堆和源设计，表征方法，基础研究和面向应用的发展。 该计划的一个重要部分是致力于表面工程，涉及通过小有机分子混合物的等离子体增强化学气相沉积制备的薄有机涂层的沉积。 这种方法已经被证明非常成功地生产定制的解决方案，以具有可调节的表面化学和表面电荷的pH响应功能涂层的形式，解决从CO2吸收到控制微流体装置中液体流动速度的各种工业相关问题。这里描述的工作的影响将在更广泛的应用中感受到，从医疗植入物到细胞培养材料和聚合物加工行业。