Materials Design and Mechanism Understanding of Electrodes for Next-Generation Batteries

下一代电池电极的材料设计和机理理解

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04409
• 负责人: Liu, Jian
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=683153
• 关键词: Materials; Design; Mechanism; Understanding; Electrodes

With increasing global efforts to adopting clean energy, developing sustainable energy storage systems has become a major challenge in order to bring electric vehicles on the road, and to integrate intermittent renewable energy resources into the grid. Although Li-ion batteries are dominant in the market, they have great limitations in the energy density and cost for future large-scale applications. Therefore, it is essential to develop alternative battery systems with higher energy density and lower cost. Long-term objectives of this research program are to identify and develop new meso/nano-scale materials for next-generation battery technologies, and to develop fundamental understandings on synthesis-structure-performance relationship in energy materials and their underlying mechanisms. In a short term, this research program will design novel materials and concepts to address the critical challenges in Li-S batteries and Na-ion batteries, and bring these battery technologies closer to practical applications.*** Li-S batteries are considered a promising technology for electric vehicles, due to their theoretical energy density five times higher than state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries and extremely low cost of sulfur. However, current Li-S batteries suffer from low efficiency and limited cycle life, due to an unfavorable phenomenon called polysulfide shuttle effect. This research proposes to develop a ternary hybrid cathode material which can prevent the formation of polysulfide and dramatically improve the performance of Li-S batteries. Na-ion batteries are a potential electrical energy storage system for stationary applications, owing to the large abundance and low cost of Na sources as well as high theoretical energy density. The development of Na-ion batteries is hindered by the limited choice of electrode materials that an enable reversible Na ion storage. This research will develop a new group of phosphorus-based alloys and an electrode/electrolyte interface control strategy to deliver high-capacity electrode materials for Na-ion batteries.*** This research program will not only develop new materials design strategies to enable next-generation battery technologies, but also contribute to the advancement of new knowledge in materials science, interface science, and electrochemistry. The success of the proposed research would accelerate the rapid deployment of sustainable energy storage technologies and address the energy crisis and environmental consequences as a result of fossil fuels. This research program is of great importance to Canada's energy and environmental sectors, as Canada is committed to the development of renewable energy and reduction of greenhouse gas emission. This will keep Canada's leading position in renewable energy research and commercialization in the worldwide, and increase public awareness and education of renewable energy.

随着全球越来越多地努力采用清洁能源，开发可持续的储能系统已成为一项重大挑战，以使电动汽车上路，并将间歇性可再生能源整合到电网中。虽然锂离子电池在市场上占据主导地位，但它们在未来大规模应用的能量密度和成本方面存在很大限制。因此，开发能量密度更高、成本更低的替代电池系统是非常必要的。这项研究计划的长期目标是为下一代电池技术识别和开发新的中/纳米材料，并对能源材料的合成-结构-性能关系及其潜在机理形成基本的理解。短期内，这项研究计划将设计新的材料和概念，以应对锂S电池和钠离子电池的关键挑战，并使这些电池技术更接近实际应用。*S锂电池被认为是一项很有前途的电动汽车技术，因为它们的理论能量密度是最先进的锂离子电池的五倍，而且硫的成本非常低。然而，目前的锂S电池效率低，循环寿命有限，这是由于存在一种称为多硫化物穿梭效应的不利现象。本研究提出开发一种三元杂化正极材料，以防止多硫化物的形成，并显著提高锂-S电池的性能。钠离子电池是一种潜在的固定用途的电能存储系统，这是因为钠源丰富、成本低以及理论能量密度高。由于能够实现可逆钠离子存储的电极材料的选择有限，阻碍了钠离子电池的发展。这项研究将开发一组新的磷基合金和电极/电解液界面控制策略，以提供高容量的钠离子电池电极材料。*该研究计划不仅将开发新的材料设计策略，使下一代电池技术成为可能，而且还将有助于材料科学、界面科学和电化学新知识的发展。拟议研究的成功将加快可持续能源储存技术的快速部署，并解决化石燃料造成的能源危机和环境后果。由于加拿大致力于发展可再生能源和减少温室气体排放，这一研究计划对加拿大的能源和环境部门非常重要。这将保持加拿大在全球可再生能源研究和商业化方面的领先地位，并提高公众对可再生能源的认识和教育。