Understanding determinants of tropical forests stocks and fluxes from plot to landscape levels.

了解热带森林储量和从地块到景观水平的通量的决定因素。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06123
• 负责人: Potvin, Catherine
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688145
• 关键词: Understanding; determinants; tropical; forests; stocks

Tropical forests occupy 12% of the terrestrial surface, harbor more than half of terrestrial diversity and hold over 40% of terrestrial carbon. These forests are highly threatened globally with deforestation in the tropics accounting for ~10% of total greenhouse gas emission. My research program aims at deepening the understanding of the dynamics of tropical forests carbon stocks. I propose scaling-up and improving the predictive power of the relationship between tree diversity and C storage and cycling in tropical forests. The specific questions addressed in in this proposal are: (1) Can high C storing species or groups of species be predicted from functional traits? (2) Does tree diversity enhance the stability of C stocks and fluxes? (3) How does the relationship between tree diversity and C stocks change with scale? Specific objective 1 will be addressed by complementing Sardinilla's existing functional traits data-base will be complemented with traits related to phenology, architecture as well as phylogeny and comparing the interactions between the functional characteristics of target species and the plot/neighborhood that maximize C storage in Panama, Brazil and China. Specific objective 2 will take advantage of the long-term data set of Sardinilla to break-down for the first time the role of interactions between individuals in their contributions to stabilization and diversity effects. Specific objective 3 will focus on the role of big trees at the landscape level. Building up on earlier work, I propose that the relationship between the variance in C stocks, at the plot-level and area is U-shaped with high at small spatial scale and low at the regional scale. The impact of my proposed Discovery grant proposal will be felt at three main levels. By identifying functional traits identifying species and species combinations maximizing C storage across sites, I will propose an approach improving the predictability of BEF experiment. By testing the importance of species asynchrony and demographic stochasticity at the level of individual trees, I will solidify the understanding of the proposed unified biodiversity and stability analytical framework. Finally, by documenting changes in the relationship between species richness and C storage from plot to landscape level, I will contribute to the scale transition theory. Together these results will greatly increase the predictive power and the ability to scale-up BEF results to the landscape level. These analyses of ecosystem functioning, relevant to as important an ecosystem service as climate regulation, will make a key contribution to the new paradigm of biodiversity science.

热带森林占据了陆地表面的12%，蕴藏着一半以上的陆地生物多样性，并拥有40%以上的陆地碳。这些森林在全球范围内受到高度威胁，热带地区的森林砍伐占温室气体排放总量的10%左右。我的研究项目旨在加深对热带森林碳储量动态的理解。我建议扩大和提高热带森林中树木多样性与碳储存和循环之间关系的预测能力。在这项建议中涉及的具体问题是：(1)能否从功能性状预测高碳储存物种或物种群？(2)树木多样性是否增强了碳储量和通量的稳定性？(3)树木多样性与碳储量之间的关系如何随规模变化？具体目标1将通过补充撒丁岛现有的功能特征数据库来实现，该数据库将补充与物候、建筑和系统发育相关的特征，并比较目标物种的功能特征与巴拿马、巴西和中国最大限度地储存碳的地块/邻里之间的相互作用。具体目标2将利用撒丁岛的长期数据集，首次细分个人之间的互动在其对稳定和多样性效果的贡献中的作用。具体目标3将侧重于大树在景观方面的作用。在前人工作的基础上，笔者提出了C类蓄积量在小区水平上的方差与面积之间的U型关系，在小空间尺度上是高的，在区域尺度上是低的。我提议的探索基金计划的影响主要体现在三个方面。通过确定功能特征，确定物种和物种组合，最大化跨地点的碳储存，我将提出一种提高BEF实验的可预测性的方法。通过在个体树木水平上测试物种异步性和人口随机性的重要性，我将巩固对拟议的统一生物多样性和稳定性分析框架的理解。最后，通过记录物种丰富度和碳储量之间的关系从样地到景观水平的变化，我将对尺度转换理论做出贡献。总而言之，这些结果将极大地提高预测能力和将BEF结果放大到景观水平的能力。这些对生态系统功能的分析，与气候调节一样重要的生态系统服务，将对生物多样性科学的新范式做出关键贡献。