Changing carbon sinks in subarctic Canada

在人类世，人类推动的碳循环变化改变了全球和当地的气候，因此所有 经济和人类生活的各个方面。亚北极占加拿大陆地面积的六分之一，但却是一个研究甚少的地区。 那里人类居住稀少，资源开采率在增加。中西区 亚北极特别容易受到气候变化影响(温度和降水)的影响，因为 永久冻土，大量储存碳，年降雨量少。从地表到大气的碳通量 作为温室气体(二氧化碳和甲烷)的水体是来自 陆地系统，包括湿地和湖泊/池塘边缘，以及沉积物中储存的碳。这一损失来自于 地表水体很大，使我们量化气候变化和人类影响的能力变得复杂 在这一大片区域上的活动。这项提案考察了三个地区的景观尺度碳平衡 样带自南向北覆盖连续、广泛不连续和零星分布的条件 不连续的永久冻土。我们结合了水文气候信息，化学分析，高度 专门的同位素技术、遥感和数值模拟，以改善我们的定量 了解和预测碳动态、温室气体产生、碳储存和关键 沉积物中长期储存(固碳)与释放到大气中之间的碳平衡 (不断增加的温室气体)。我们已经形成了一支强大的研究团队，包括加拿大和国际 来自大学、地区和联邦政府、学生和土著的研究科学家 社区。研究成果将为以科学为基础的管理和政策决策以及交付 加拿大北部的气候变化行动和加拿大关于温室气体的国际报告义务 气体排放。

In the Anthropocene, human-driven changes to carbon cycles alter global and local climates and hence all aspects of economy and human life. The subarctic is 1/6 of the Canadian land mass but a poorly studied area where human habitation is sparse and rates of resource extraction are increasing. The central and western subarctic is particularly vulnerable to climate change effects (temperature and precipitation) due to extensive permafrost, large stores of carbon, and low annual precipitation. Carbon fluxes to the atmosphere from surface water bodies as greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide and methane) is a balance between carbon sources from terrestrial systems including wetlands and lake/pond margins and carbon stored in sediments. This loss from surface water bodies is large and complicates our ability to quantify the effect of climate change and human activities on this large region. This proposal examines the landscape-scale carbon balance in three areas along a transect from south to north covering conditions of continuous, widespread discontinuous, and sporadic discontinuous permafrost. We use a combination of hydroclimatic information, chemical analysis, highly specialized isotopic techniques, remote sensing, and numerical modelling to improve our quantitative understanding and forecasting of carbon dynamics, greenhouse gas production, carbon stores and the critical carbon balance between long-term storage in sediments (carbon sequestration) and release to the atmosphere (increasing greenhouse gases). We have formed a strong research team including Canadian and international research scientists from universities, territorial and federal governments, students, and Indigenous communities. Research outcomes will inform science-based management and policy decisions and delivery of climate change actions for Canada's north and Canada's obligations for international reporting on greenhouse gas emissions.