Mechanistic understanding of hydrided region overload cracking

氢化区过载开裂的机理理解

• 批准号: 556184-2020
• 负责人: Daymond, Mark
• 金额: $ 6.12万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=705937
• 关键词: Mechanistic; understanding; hydrided; region; overload

Ontario's 18 CANada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactors generate >60% of its electricity, with negligible CO2 production. It is an industry supporting 76,000 Canadian jobs with revenues in the tens of billions of dollars. Since the majority of financial and CO2 cost associated with nuclear power plants (NPPs) is during initial build, maximizing NPP lifetimes by enabling accurate maintenance, repair and refurbishment predictions provides great economic benefit, while keeping CO2 production low. The Pressure Tube (PT) is a key component of the CANDU design, acting as the pressure boundary for the heavy water coolant. The total Hydrogen (H) content of the PT increases with time in reactor, due to a slow uniform corrosion reaction. If sufficient H is present it can precipitate forming a hydride. The proposed work will develop a mechanistic understanding of a potential cracking mechanism associated with these hydrides, helping to ensure safe running of existing reactors for as long as possible, providing economic and environmental benefits. It will train several students and postdocs in key topics, in an area where industry continues to exhibit significant demand for highly trained personnel.

安大略省的18个加拿大氘铀（CANDU）反应堆产生了其60%的电力，二氧化碳的排放量可以忽略不计。这个行业为加拿大提供了76000个工作岗位，收入数百亿美元。由于与核电站（NPPs）相关的大部分财务和二氧化碳成本是在初始建设期间，因此通过实现准确的维护、维修和翻新预测来最大化NPP的使用寿命，可以提供巨大的经济效益，同时保持低二氧化碳排放量。压力管（PT）是CANDU设计的关键部件，作为重水冷却剂的压力边界。PT的总氢(H)含量随着反应器中时间的增加而增加，这是由于缓慢均匀的腐蚀反应。如果有足够的H存在，它就会沉淀形成氢化物。拟议的工作将开发与这些氢化物相关的潜在裂解机制的机制理解，有助于确保现有反应堆尽可能长时间的安全运行，提供经济和环境效益。它将在关键课题上培养几名学生和博士后，在这个行业对训练有素的人才的需求持续增长的领域。