Sensitivities of Fish Life Histories to Climate and Food Web Structure

鱼类生活史对气候和食物网结构的敏感性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05712
• 负责人: Shuter, Brian
• 金额: $ 1.43万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709935
• 关键词: Sensitivities; Fish; Life; Histories; Climate

The maturation schedules of freshwater fish vary on both ecological and evolutionary time scales. Recent work has shown that this variation can be understood in terms of optimal (i.e. fitness maximizing ) responses to (i) short term changes in the size structure and density of the prey field that supports life time growth patterns and (ii) long term changes in climatic conditions and life time mortality schedules. The research program proposed here will build on this work by: (i) empirical comparisons of factors affecting the size structure of North American and European limnetic fish communities, with a particular focus on the influence of life history variation among top predators; (ii) extending existing models of the bioenergetic trade-offs that underlie phenotypic plasticity in the life history of top predators; (ii) testing these models against empirical data on life history variation observed in several freshwater fish species that are subject to both recreational and commercial fisheries; (iii) using these models to develop robust rules for estimating sustainable exploitation rates across the broad climatic gradients experienced by populations of these species in North America.

淡水鱼的成熟时间表在生态和进化时间尺度上都不同。最近的工作表明，这种变化可以理解为对(I)支持生命周期增长模式的猎物区域的大小、结构和密度的短期变化和(Ii)气候条件和生命周期死亡时间表的长期变化的最佳(即适合度最大化)反应。这里提出的研究方案将建立在这项工作的基础上：(I)影响北美和欧洲湖泊鱼类群落大小结构的因素的经验比较，特别关注顶级捕食者生活史差异的影响；(Ii)扩展作为顶级捕食者生活史表型可塑性基础的生物能量权衡的现有模型；(Ii)将这些模型与在几个受休闲和商业渔业影响的淡水鱼物种中观察到的生活史变化的经验数据进行比较；(3)利用这些模型制定可靠的规则，估计北美这些物种种群所经历的广泛气候梯度的可持续开采率。