Atomic scale dynamics of correlated materials and emergent quantum states

相关材料和涌现量子态的原子尺度动力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05470
• 负责人: Burgess, Jacob
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711657
• 关键词: Atomic; scale; dynamics; correlated; materials

Investigation of new phases of matter often reveals previously unknown physics; it also commonly leads to previously unimaginable technological breakthroughs. At present great attention is directed towards high-temperature superconductors, single atom thick sheets, and exotic magnetic materials. Each of these materials holds promise to revolutionize our world via energy and computer applications. Each also involves very complex networks of interacting atoms responsible for collective magnetic or electronic properties fundamentally different from the usual metals or magnets. The complexity, however, greatly holds back understanding and control of these new properties. This research program is designed to unravel the exact details of atomic interactions, seeking answers critical to realizing the technological potential of the materials as well as elucidating the underlying physics. In many senses the ultimate measurement is to make a movie of a material responding to an external stimulus. Not only does this simulate technological devices, but measuring the dynamic response of a material provides a much more stringent test of our understanding than static experiments. However, in these strongly interacting materials, the dynamics of interest happen on the time scale of a few quadrillionths of a second and also vary on the atomic scale. Creating ultrafast atomic movies is one of the grand challenges facing science. Recent advances in time-resolved scanning tunneling microscopes (TR-STMs) have revealed a path to these extraordinary experiments for electronic systems. This research program applies TR-STMs to the investigation of atomic-scale dynamics in materials with magnetic and electronic collective states. The nature of a scanning tunneling microscope allows direct imaging of electronic states. Adding pulsed laser techniques enables ultrafast movie making; measuring the response of each individual atom in a crystal to a stimulus. This capability significantly reduces measurement ambiguity, caused by very complex material structure or the presence of disorder, compared to techniques without atomic resolution. The focus of the program is on the study of dissipation in magnetically interacting materials. This includes how energy is lost and how coherence among a group of atoms acting collectively is destroyed. The results have important implications for high efficiency magnetic computing, and spin based quantum computing. A great deal more, beyond magnetism, can be studied in this program. This opens the door to collaborations within and outside Canada studying materials such as high temperature superconductors. Pursuing an atomic understanding of emergent quantum states will provide invaluable experience to a new generation of young Canadian scientists who will lead science and industry forward in the revolutionary applications of quantum materials.

对物质新相的研究往往揭示出以前未知的物理学;它通常也会导致以前无法想象的技术突破。目前，高温超导体、单原子厚片和奇异磁性材料是人们关注的焦点。这些材料中的每一种都有望通过能源和计算机应用彻底改变我们的世界。每一种都涉及非常复杂的相互作用的原子网络，这些原子负责集体的磁性或电子性质，这些性质与通常的金属或磁铁根本不同。然而，这种复杂性极大地阻碍了对这些新特性的理解和控制。 该研究计划旨在揭示原子相互作用的确切细节，寻求对实现材料的技术潜力至关重要的答案，并阐明潜在的物理学。在许多意义上，最终的测量是制作一部材料对外部刺激的反应的电影。这不仅模拟了技术设备，而且测量材料的动态响应为我们的理解提供了比静态实验更严格的测试。然而，在这些强相互作用的材料中，感兴趣的动力学发生在几兆分之一秒的时间尺度上，并且在原子尺度上也有所不同。创造超快的原子电影是科学面临的重大挑战之一。 时间分辨扫描隧道显微镜（TR-STM）的最新进展揭示了电子系统这些非凡实验的途径。该研究计划将TR-STM应用于具有磁性和电子集体状态的材料中原子尺度动力学的研究。扫描隧道显微镜的性质允许电子状态的直接成像。加入脉冲激光技术可以实现超快电影制作;测量晶体中每个原子对刺激的反应。与没有原子分辨率的技术相比，这种能力显着减少了由非常复杂的材料结构或无序的存在引起的测量模糊性。 该计划的重点是磁相互作用材料中的耗散研究。这包括能量是如何损失的，以及集体行动的一组原子之间的一致性是如何被破坏的。这些结果对高效率磁计算和基于自旋的量子计算具有重要意义。在这个项目中，除了磁学之外，还有很多东西可以研究。这为加拿大国内外研究高温超导体等材料的合作打开了大门。追求原子对涌现量子态的理解将为新一代年轻的加拿大科学家提供宝贵的经验，他们将在量子材料的革命性应用中引领科学和工业向前发展。