Applying Silicon Biotechnology to the Synthesis of Structured Materials

将硅生物技术应用于结构材料的合成

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04439
• 负责人: Zelisko, Paul
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Brock University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713027
• 关键词: Applying; Silicon; Biotechnology; Synthesis; Structured

The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry, first proposed in 1998 by Anastas and Warner, provide chemists with guidelines for lessening the environmental impact of chemical processes. Biotechnology represents one route that can be utilized to develop green methodologies in silicon chemistry. We propose to continue our exploration of silicon biotechnology through the synthesis and study of silicon-based structured materials. Silicon biotechnology will be applied to the synthesis of two principle classes of compounds: (i) siloxane-containing phospholipids, and (ii) self-healing, recyclable silicone polymers. Our preliminary work has demonstrated that biocatalysis can be utilized in the synthesis of siloxane analogues of phospholipid structures. Whereas biologically relevant phospholipids typically require multiple extrusion cycles through a membrane in order to achieve unilamellar vesicles with a 100 nm diameter, siloxane phospholipids spontaneously form unilamellar liposomes with a diameter of 100-150 nm. Silicon biotechnology will be used to synthesize a library of silicon-containing lipid structures. This library of lipids will include modifications to the lipids tails and the head group, which will allow us to better understand how these siloxane-lipid molecules interact and why they spontaneously self-assemble. Modification of the lipid tails with a fluorescent tracer will make it possible to study the fluidity of these membrane systems. Silicone polymers are ubiquitous in our world, found in applications such as lubricants, adhesives, insulators, personal care products, etc. However, one of the fundamental limitations of silicone elastomers used in such applications is that they are subject to mechanical damage, which can impinge upon the material's useful lifetime, and these materials are often difficult to recycle. In keeping with the Principles of Green Chemistry, we propose to apply silicon biotechnology to the synthesis of self-healing, recyclable silicones. Building upon our existing expertise, silicone polymers cross-linked via a Diels-Alder adduct will be explored. Linear, cyclic, and dendritic silicone will be synthesized using a chemoenzymatic approach. The capacity for these materials to heal from mechanical damage as well as their physicomechanical properties will be studied. Silicon biotechnology will play an integral role in the synthesis of structured materials such as silicon-containing phosphlipids and self-healing, recyclable silicone polymers. This programme will permit us to further develop our understanding of biocatalytic reactions in silicon chemistry, while concomitantly exploring interesting polymeric and biologically related silicon-containing materials.

绿色化学的 12 条原则由 Anastas 和 Warner 于 1998 年首次提出，为化学家提供了减少化学过程对环境影响的指南。 生物技术代表了可用于开发硅化学绿色方法的一种途径。 我们建议通过硅基结构材料的合成和研究继续探索硅生物技术。 硅生物技术将应用于合成两类主要化合物：(i) 含硅氧烷的磷脂，以及 (ii) 自修复、可回收的有机硅聚合物。 我们的初步工作表明生物催化可用于合成磷脂结构的硅氧烷类似物。 生物学相关的磷脂通常需要通过膜进行多次挤出循环才能获得直径为 100 nm 的单层囊泡，而硅氧烷磷脂会自发形成直径为 100-150 nm 的单层脂质体。 硅生物技术将用于合成含硅脂质结构库。 该脂质库将包括对脂质尾部和头部基团的修饰，这将使我们能够更好地理解这些硅氧烷-脂质分子如何相互作用以及它们自发自组装的原因。 用荧光示踪剂修饰脂质尾部将使研究这些膜系统的流动性成为可能。 有机硅聚合物在我们的世界中无处不在，应用于润滑剂、粘合剂、绝缘体、个人护理产品等。然而，此类应用中使用的有机硅弹性体的基本限制之一是它们容易受到机械损坏，这可能会影响材料的使用寿命，而且这些材料通常难以回收。 根据绿色化学原则，我们建议应用硅生物技术来合成自修复、可回收的有机硅。 基于我们现有的专业知识，我们将探索通过狄尔斯-阿尔德加合物交联的有机硅聚合物。 线性、环状和树枝状有机硅将使用化学酶法合成。 将研究这些材料从机械损伤中恢复的能力及其物理机械性能。 硅生物技术将在含硅磷脂和自修复、可回收有机硅聚合物等结构材料的合成中发挥不可或缺的作用。 该计划将使我们能够进一步加深对硅化学中生物催化反应的理解，同时探索有趣的聚合物和生物相关的含硅材料。