A novel framework for multi-hazard performance-based design of sustainable and resilient tall timber and hybrid buildings

城市人口的快速增长和相关的环境问题正在挑战城市规划者和开发商考虑可持续的建筑系统。木材是一种可持续材料，但2015年加拿大国家建筑规范（NBCC）将棒框架建筑的高度限制为6层。随着最近大规模工程交叉层压木材（CLT）面板和胶合木木材的引入，中高层木材建筑成为可行的选择。不同利益相关者对高层建筑的选择决策应考虑经济、美学、技术、法规和政治因素。政治因素确实得到了满足，因为加拿大木材工业和加拿大自然资源部支持高木建筑的设计和建造。通过这一举措，UBC的18层Brock common（2017年世界上最高的混合木建筑，18层）和13-sotrey Origine（2017年北美最高的全木公寓建筑，13层）分别在温哥华和魁北克市建造。 然而，NBCC现行的抗震设计指南不适用于高木结构建筑。此外，高木建筑物更轻，更灵活，使这种建筑物容易受到风的影响。最先进的全球建筑规范和标准分别考虑风和地震设计荷载，并以最坏情况管理设计。例如，在像温哥华这样的城市，风荷载和地震荷载都可以竞争并控制设计。基于风险的设计和优化可以作为风和地震灾害的统一程序，以满足不同的性能目标（例如，可用性/舒适性，生命安全）。本研究的长期目标是在多灾害（地震、风、火灾）考虑下，为创新的高木结构建筑建立基于性能的设计框架。设计框架将纳入风险和成本最小化，制定为一个多目标优化问题。为了实现长期计划，短期目标是： （A）制定多灾害（地震和风）PBD框架; B）开发创新的高木结构建筑，并采用消能装置; C）扩展基于能量的设计和土壤结构相互作用（SSI）的最新技术;以及 D）应用先进的多目标结构设计优化算法。 这项研究将对加拿大社会和工程界产生重大影响。该项目的成果是为高层木结构建筑的多灾害性能设计开发一个新的框架，以提高城市的可持续性和弹性。申请人一直致力于木基混合结构、地震风险和基于性能的风力工程领域。

Rapid growth of urban populations and associated environmental concerns are challenging city planners and developers to consider sustainable building systems. Timber is a sustainable material, but the 2015 National Building Code Canada (NBCC) limits height of stick frame construction to 6 storeys. With recent introduction of large-scale engineered cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels and glulam timber, mid- and high-rise timber buildings became viable option. A decision on the selection of tall building by different stakeholders should consider economics, aesthetics, technology, regulations and political factors. The political factors are indeed satisfied as the Canadian timber industry and Natural Resources Canada are backing design and construction of tall-timber buildings. With this initiative, an 18-storey UBC's Brock common (the tallest hybrid wood building in the world in 2017, at 18 storeys) and 13-sotrey Origine (the tallest all-wood condominium building in North America in 2017, at 13 storeys) buildings are constructed in Vancouver and Quebec City, respectively. Current seismic design guideline of the NBCC, however, is not suited for tall-timber buildings. In addition, tall-timber buildings are lighter and more flexible, making such buildings vulnerable to wind. The state-of-the-art global building codes and standards consider wind and earthquake design loads separately with the worst case governing the design. In a city like Vancouver, for example, both wind and seismic loads can compete and govern the design. Risk-based design and optimization, can be used as a unifying procedure for wind and earthquake hazard to meet different performance objectives (e.g. serviceability/comfort, life safety). The long-term program of the proposed research is to develop a performance-based design (PBD) frameworks for innovative tall-timber buildings under multi-hazard consideration (earthquake, wind, fire). The design framework will incorporate minimization of risk and cost, formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem. To achieve the long-term program, the short-term objectives are: A) develop a multi-hazard (earthquake and wind) PBD framework; B) develop innovative tall-timber buildings incorporating energy dissipators; C) extend the state-of-the-art on energy-based design and incorporated soil structure interaction (SSI); and D) apply advanced multi-objective structural design optimization algorithms. This research will have a significant impact on Canadian society and the engineering community. The outcome of this program is develop a new framework for multi-hazard performance-based design tall timber buildings to improve the sustainability and resiliency of cities. The applicant has been working in the area of timber-based hybrid structures, seismic risk and performance-based wind engineering.