A novel framework for multi-hazard performance-based design of sustainable and resilient tall timber and hybrid buildings

城市人口的快速增长和相关的环境问题正在挑战城市规划者和开发商考虑可持续建筑系统。木材是一种可持续发展的材料，但2015年加拿大国家建筑规范（NBCC）将棒框架建筑的高度限制在6层。随着最近大规模工程交叉层压木材（CLT）面板和胶合木材的引入，中高层木结构建筑成为可行的选择。不同利益相关者选择高层建筑的决定应该考虑经济、美学、技术、法规和政治因素。由于加拿大木材工业和加拿大自然资源部支持高层木结构建筑的设计和建造，政治因素确实令人满意。通过这一举措，温哥华和魁北克市分别建造了一座18层的UBC Brock common（2017年世界上最高的混合木建筑，18层）和13层的Origine（2017年北美最高的全木公寓建筑，13层）。

Rapid growth of urban populations and associated environmental concerns are challenging city planners and developers to consider sustainable building systems. Timber is a sustainable material, but the 2015 National Building Code Canada (NBCC) limits height of stick frame construction to 6 storeys. With recent introduction of large-scale engineered cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels and glulam timber, mid- and high-rise timber buildings became viable option. A decision on the selection of tall building by different stakeholders should consider economics, aesthetics, technology, regulations and political factors. The political factors are indeed satisfied as the Canadian timber industry and Natural Resources Canada are backing design and construction of tall-timber buildings. With this initiative, an 18-storey UBC's Brock common (the tallest hybrid wood building in the world in 2017, at 18 storeys) and 13-sotrey Origine (the tallest all-wood condominium building in North America in 2017, at 13 storeys) buildings are constructed in Vancouver and Quebec City, respectively. Current seismic design guideline of the NBCC, however, is not suited for tall-timber buildings. In addition, tall-timber buildings are lighter and more flexible, making such buildings vulnerable to wind. The state-of-the-art global building codes and standards consider wind and earthquake design loads separately with the worst case governing the design. In a city like Vancouver, for example, both wind and seismic loads can compete and govern the design. Risk-based design and optimization, can be used as a unifying procedure for wind and earthquake hazard to meet different performance objectives (e.g. serviceability/comfort, life safety). The long-term program of the proposed research is to develop a performance-based design (PBD) frameworks for innovative tall-timber buildings under multi-hazard consideration (earthquake, wind, fire). The design framework will incorporate minimization of risk and cost, formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem. To achieve the long-term program, the short-term objectives are: A) develop a multi-hazard (earthquake and wind) PBD framework; B) develop innovative tall-timber buildings incorporating energy dissipators; C) extend the state-of-the-art on energy-based design and incorporated soil structure interaction (SSI); and D) apply advanced multi-objective structural design optimization algorithms. This research will have a significant impact on Canadian society and the engineering community. The outcome of this program is develop a new framework for multi-hazard performance-based design tall timber buildings to improve the sustainability and resiliency of cities. The applicant has been working in the area of timber-based hybrid structures, seismic risk and performance-based wind engineering.