Assessing memory principles in individuals, models, and non-declarative memory

评估个体、模型和非陈述性记忆的记忆原理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05523
• 负责人: Neath, Ian
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717219
• 关键词: Assessing; memory; principles; individuals; models

In most areas of scientific inquiry, there are laws and principles that are the foundation of research and theory within that domain. In the study of human memory, however, there are no laws and few widely-accepted principles (Roediger, 2008). One reason offered for the absence of general principles is that memory is made up of multiple memory systems, each of which operates according to different rules (Tulving, 1985; Wang Ferbinteanu, 2019). In contrast, we (Surprenant with SIMPLE. SIMPLE (Scale Independent Memory, Perception, and Learning; Brown, Neath, Neath redintegration is the process whereby individuals use their long-term knowledge to help their recall (Hulme et al., 1991). Redintegration is invoked to explain findings like the word frequency effect (better recall of high than low frequency words) but not the acoustic similarity effect (better recall of dissimilar-sounding than similar-sounding words). The proposed new principle is based on a prediction of the Feature Model (Neath, 2000): Disruptive effects of secondary tasks (such as concurrent articulation) will be observed only when redintegration is not required. Objective 3. Assessing Principles in Non-Declarative Memory. Although most memory research uses verbal stimuli, there is a robust literature on non-verbal and especially non-declarative memory (knowing "how" rather than knowing "that"). However, there has been very little work on examining whether the proposed general principles apply. Tempel and Frings (2013) devised a procedure to examine retrieval induced forgetting of motor movements, and this paradigm will be adapted to assess whether the cue overload and relative distinctiveness principles apply to motor movements. The proposed research is a strong test of whether human memory is better explained by a unitary account in which there exist system-wide principles or by a multi-systems view in which each system operates according to different rules. The questions are important because they address the fundamental nature of human memory.

在大多数科学探究领域，都有一些规律和原则是该领域内研究和理论的基础。然而，在人类记忆的研究中，没有任何规律，也很少有被广泛接受的原则（Roediger，2008）。缺乏一般原则的原因之一是，内存由多个内存系统组成，每个内存系统根据不同的规则运行（Tulving，1985；Wang Ferbinteanu，2019）。相比之下，我们（Surprenant with SIMPLE。SIMPLE（尺度独立记忆、感知和学习；Brown、Neath、Neath 红积分是个人利用长期知识来帮助回忆的过程（Hulme 等人，1991）。红积分被用来解释诸如词频效应（对高频词的回忆比低频词更好）等发现，但不是声学相似效应（对不同发音的回忆比对不同发音更好的回忆）。发音相似的词）。 提出的新原则基于特征模型的预测（Neath，2000）：只有在不需要重新集成时才会观察到次要任务（例如并发清晰度）的破坏性影响。 目标 3：评估非陈述性记忆的原则。尽管大多数记忆研究都使用言语刺激，但有大量关于非言语记忆，尤其是非陈述性记忆（知道“如何”而不是知道“那个”）的文献。然而，关于检查所提议的一般原则是否适用的工作却很少。 Tempel 和 Frings (2013) 设计了一种程序来检查检索引起的运动运动遗忘，并且该范例将用于评估提示过载和相对独特性原则是否适用于运动运动。 这项研究是对人类记忆是否可以通过存在系统范围原则的单一解释更好地解释，还是通过每个系统根据不同规则运行的多系统视图更好地解释。这些问题很重要，因为它们涉及人类记忆的基本性质。