Development of new hybrid icephobic/superhydrophobic surfaces using encapsulated phase change materials

使用封装相变材料开发新型混合疏冰/超疏水表面

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05118
• 负责人: Momen, Gelareh
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=740403
• 关键词: Development; new; hybrid; icephobic; superhydrophobic

In cold climate regions, such as Canada, the accumulation of frost or ice on various structures is a serious and large-scale problem that affects the safety and operation of exposed systems. These systems include transmission networks for communications and electrical energy, wind turbines, aircraft, rockets containing satellites, hulls of ships, motorways, as well as open-ocean offshore structures. For example, ice accumulation on transmission lines can lead to the failure of critical electrical and telecommunication systems. Ice accumulation on aircraft surfaces can reduce the efficiency of airplane and helicopter engines by half as well as  aerodynamics, thereby,  leading to potentially fatal accidents. Progress made in the field of material science and recent research related to ice adhesion have together renewed interest in the development of icephobic materials that avoid the disadvantages of traditional methods of mechanical and thermal de-icing. The development of durable icephobic coatings, however, requires a much greater understanding of the phenomena of ice formation and adhesion. The applicant is particularly interested in the development of icephobic/superhydrophobic surfaces using encapsulated phase change materials (PCMs). Incorporating PCMs is a novel hybrid approach for enhancing the anti-icing properties of a surface. PCMs are organic, inorganic, or eutectic materials that produce a considerable amount of energy during their phase transformation, thereby preventing ice accumulation and adhesion on these materials. Successful development and use of PCM surfaces requires critical, yet still limited, knowledge in regard to the optimal amount of PCMs necessary for minimum ice adhesion, the ideal design of the structured PCM surfaces to maximize the delay of ice formation and minimize ice adhesion, and the factors necessary to ensure the stability and mechanical robustness of these novel surfaces. As these icephobic surfaces are for use on exposed structures in cold environments, these developed surfaces must be tested under harsh environmental conditions, such as exposure to extremely cold temperatures and wind-driven impacts from frozen precipitation. The undertaking of such a study is ambitious, yet the project goal is obtainable, and there is extraordinary potential for a greater understanding of the range of phenomena acting on ice adhesion mechanisms and the development of icephobic/superhydrophobic phase change material surfaces. This research program will involve four graduate and several undergraduate students who will be trained and prepared for successful careers in industry or academia within the field of material and chemical science.

在寒冷的气候地区，如加拿大，各种结构上的霜或冰的积累是影响暴露系统的安全和操作的严重和大规模的问题。这些系统包括用于通信和电能的传输网络、风力涡轮机、飞机、包含卫星的火箭、船体、高速公路以及公海离岸结构。例如，输电线路上的积冰可导致关键电力和电信系统的故障。飞机表面的积冰会使飞机和直升机发动机的效率降低一半，并影响空气动力学，从而导致潜在的致命事故。在材料科学领域取得的进展和最近的研究有关冰的粘附一起重新关注的发展，避免传统的机械和热除冰方法的缺点的憎冰材料。然而，耐久的防冰涂层的开发需要对冰的形成和粘附现象有更深入的了解。 申请人对使用封装相变材料（PCM）开发疏冰/超疏水表面特别感兴趣。相变材料是一种新型的混合型表面防冰方法。相变材料是有机、无机或低共熔材料，它们在相变过程中产生相当大的能量，从而防止冰积聚和粘附在这些材料上。PCM表面的成功开发和使用需要关键的但仍然有限的知识，关于最小冰粘附所需的PCM的最佳量，结构化PCM表面的理想设计以最大化冰形成的延迟和最小化冰粘附，以及确保这些新型表面的稳定性和机械鲁棒性所需的因素。由于这些防冰表面用于寒冷环境中的暴露结构，因此这些开发的表面必须在恶劣的环境条件下进行测试，例如暴露于极冷的温度和冰冻降水的风力影响。这样的研究是雄心勃勃的，但该项目的目标是可以实现的，并有非凡的潜力，更好地了解的现象范围内的冰粘附机制和发展的憎冰/超疏水相变材料表面。该研究计划将涉及四名研究生和几名本科生，他们将接受培训，并为材料和化学科学领域的工业或学术界的成功职业做好准备。