Alternative Splicing of Duplicated Genes in Polyploid Brassica napus

多倍体甘蓝型油菜中重复基因的选择性剪接

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03148
• 负责人: Adams, Keith
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741821
• 关键词: Alternative; Splicing; Duplicated; Genes; Polyploid

Polyploids, organisms with an extra set of chromosomes, are common among plants and many crop plants are polyploids. The formation of polyploids often involves hybridization (crossing) between two species followed by chromosome doubling. Polyploidy can lead to novel morphological and developmental characteristics, larger cell sizes, and new gene functions and expression patterns. The long-term goals of my research program are to understand the consequences of polyploidy on the evolution, expression, splicing, and function of duplicated genes. We study evolutionarily recent polyploid plants, as well as genes derived from ancient polyploidy events that occurred millions of years ago to determine the long-term outcomes of duplicate gene evolution. The goal of this research proposal is to understand the consequences of polyploidy on gene expression with a focus on patterns of RNA splicing (alternative splicing) in response to environmental stress conditions. Brassica napus (canola) polyploids will be compared with their diploid parental species, B. rapa and B. oleracea. Stress treatments will include heat, cold, drought, and salt. To examine the effects of each stress treatment on RNA expression and splicing, the RNA will be sequenced with a high-throughput method that provides sequences of entire transcripts (isoforms). The data will be analyzed with computational approaches. The proposed research will provide insights into differences in transcript isoforms between duplicated genes in the polyploids, as well as reveal how the polyploids compare with their diploid parental species. In addition, RNA splicing patterns in genes duplicated by a much older polyploidy during the evolutionary history of the Brassica lineage will be analyzed to assess changes in transcript isoforms on a longer-term evolutionary time scale. This research is likely to have an impact on the fields of plant genomics, plant molecular biology, and molecular evolution. Some duplicate genes play a role in specifying traits of agronomic importance in plants. Some RNA splicing patterns in duplicated genes may be involved in conferring traits selected for during plant breeding. In particular, polyploid canola (Brassica napus) is very important to Canada's economy and food supply and what is learned from studying RNA splicing in canola may lead to improvement of this crop plant.

多倍体，具有额外染色体的生物在植物中很常见，许多作物植物都是多倍体。多倍体的形成通常涉及两个物种之间的杂交（交叉），然后染色体加倍。多倍体可以导致新颖的形态和发育特征，较大的细胞大小以及新的基因功能和表达模式。我的研究计划的长期目标是了解多倍体对重复基因的进化，表达，剪接和功能的后果。我们研究了进化的近期多倍体植物，以及来自古代多倍体事件的基因，这些事件发生在数百万年前，以确定重复基因进化的长期结果。该研究建议的目的是了解多倍体对基因表达的后果，重点是响应环境应力条件的RNA剪接模式（替代剪接）。将Brassica Napus（菜籽）将多倍体与其二倍体父母B. rapa和B. oleracea进行比较。压力处理将包括热，冷，干旱和盐。为了检查每种应力处理对RNA表达和剪接的影响，将使用高通量方法对RNA进行测序，该方法提供了整个转录本（同工型）的序列。数据将通过计算方法进行分析。拟议的研究将提供有关多倍体中重复基因之间转录本同工型差异的见解，并揭示多倍体如何与二倍体亲本物种进行比较。此外，将分析由较早的多倍体复制的基因中的RNA剪接模式，以评估长期进化时间尺度上的转录本同工型的变化。这项研究可能会影响植物基因组学，植物分子生物学和分子进化领域。一些重复的基因在指定植物中农艺重要性的特征方面发挥了作用。重复基因中的一些RNA剪接模式可能与植物繁殖期间选择的特征有关。特别是，多倍体菜籽（甘蓝玉米粉菜）对加拿大的经济和粮食供应非常重要，从研究菜籽的RNA剪接中学到的东西可能会改善这种作物植物。