Alternative Splicing and Long Non-coding RNAs in Polyploids

多倍体中的选择性剪接和长非编码 RNA

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04603
• 负责人: Adams, Keith
• 金额: $ 5.17万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=587907
• 关键词: Alternative; Splicing; Long; Non; coding

Polyploids, organisms with an extra set of chromosomes, are common among plants and several crop plants are polyploid. Polyploidy can lead to novel morphological and developmental characteristics, larger cell sizes, and new gene functions and expression patterns. The formation of polyploids often involves hybridization (crossing) between two species followed by chromosome doubling. The goal of this research is to understand the consequences of polyploidy on gene expression with a focus on patterns of RNA splicing (alternative splicing) and long noncoding RNAs (genes whose products act as RNAs instead of as proteins). Expression and RNA splicing patterns of genes in Brassica napus (canola) polyploids will be compared with their diploid parents in response to stress conditions. Stress treatments will be done with heat, cold, and drought. RNA expression and splicing patterns will be examined on a genome-wide scale with high-throughput sequencing and computational analyses. Long noncoding RNA genes will be identified in Brassica species. Then their expression patterns will be assayed with high throughput sequencing in Brassica napus polyploids and their diploid parents to show how expression of this class of genes changes upon polyploidy. Duplicated long noncoding RNA genes, and their gene family histories, will be characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica species, and the features will be compared with protein coding genes. The proposed research will provide the first insights into differences in RNA splicing patterns between duplicated genes in polyploid plants in response to stress conditions on a genome-wide scale. Also it will provide the first information about long noncoding RNA expression in polyploids. This research is likely to have a considerable impact on the fields of plant genomics, plant molecular biology, and molecular evolution. Some duplicate genes play a role in specifying traits of agronomic importance in plants. Some RNA splicing patterns in duplicated genes, as well as gene regulation by long noncoding RNAs, may be involved in conferring traits selected for during plant breeding. In particular, polyploid canola (Brassica napus) is important to Canada's economy and food supply and what is learned from studying RNA splicing and long noncoding RNAs in canola may lead to improvement of this crop plant. Understanding how RNA splicing patterns can change gene expression and function, as well as how long noncoding RNAs regulate gene expression, may lead to using RNA splicing and noncoding RNAs as tools for biotechnology applications to design crops with altered expression of genes of interest to create or improve desired characteristics.

多倍体，具有额外染色体的生物，在植物中很常见，几种作物植物是多倍体。多倍体可以导致新颖的形态和发育特征，较大的细胞大小以及新的基因功能和表达模式。多倍体的形成通常涉及两个物种之间的杂交（交叉），然后染色体加倍。 这项研究的目的是了解多倍体对基因表达的后果，重点是RNA剪接模式（替代剪接）和较长的非编码RNA（其产物产生RNA而不是蛋白质的基因）。 在响应压力条件下，将将甘蓝梅（菜籽）（菜籽）基因的表达和RNA剪接模式与二倍体父母进行比较。 压力治疗将通过热，寒冷和干旱进行。 RNA表达和剪接模式将以高通量测序和计算分析进行基因组范围检查。 长期非编码的RNA基因将在木制物种中鉴定。 然后，将在甘蓝纳普斯多倍体及其二倍体父母中使用高吞吐量测序分析其表达模式，以显示该类别基因在多倍体上的表达如何变化。 重复的长期非编码RNA基因及其基因家族史将在拟南芥和甘蓝物种中进行特征，并将特征与蛋白质编码基因进行比较。 拟议的研究将为跨基因组规模上的压力条件响应多倍体植物中重复基因之间的RNA剪接模式的差异提供第一个见解。 此外，它将提供有关多倍体中长不编码RNA表达的第一个信息。 这项研究可能对植物基因组学，植物分子生物学和分子进化的领域产生相当大的影响。 一些重复的基因在指定植物中农艺重要性的特征方面发挥了作用。 重复基因中的一些RNA剪接模式以及长期非编码RNA的基因调节，可能参与植物育种期间选择的特征。尤其是，多倍体菜籽（甘蓝乳剂）对加拿大的经济和粮食供应至关重要，从研究RNA剪接和菜籽的长期不编码的RNA中学到了什么，可能会改善这种作物植物。了解RNA剪接模式如何改变基因表达和功能，以及不编码的RNA调节基因表达的时间，可能会导致使用RNA剪接和非编码RNA作为生物技术应用的工具，以设计具有改变兴趣基因表达的农作物，以创建或改善所需的特征。