Alternative Splicing of Duplicated Genes in Polyploid Brassica napus

多倍体甘蓝型油菜中重复基因的选择性剪接

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03148
• 负责人: Adams, Keith
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746326
• 关键词: Alternative; Splicing; Duplicated; Genes; Polyploid

Polyploids, organisms with an extra set of chromosomes, are common among plants and many crop plants are polyploids. The formation of polyploids often involves hybridization (crossing) between two species followed by chromosome doubling. Polyploidy can lead to novel morphological and developmental characteristics, larger cell sizes, and new gene functions and expression patterns. The long-term goals of my research program are to understand the consequences of polyploidy on the evolution, expression, splicing, and function of duplicated genes. We study evolutionarily recent polyploid plants, as well as genes derived from ancient polyploidy events that occurred millions of years ago to determine the long-term outcomes of duplicate gene evolution. The goal of this research proposal is to understand the consequences of polyploidy on gene expression with a focus on patterns of RNA splicing (alternative splicing) in response to environmental stress conditions. Brassica napus (canola) polyploids will be compared with their diploid parental species, B. rapa and B. oleracea. Stress treatments will include heat, cold, drought, and salt. To examine the effects of each stress treatment on RNA expression and splicing, the RNA will be sequenced with a high-throughput method that provides sequences of entire transcripts (isoforms). The data will be analyzed with computational approaches. The proposed research will provide insights into differences in transcript isoforms between duplicated genes in the polyploids, as well as reveal how the polyploids compare with their diploid parental species. In addition, RNA splicing patterns in genes duplicated by a much older polyploidy during the evolutionary history of the Brassica lineage will be analyzed to assess changes in transcript isoforms on a longer-term evolutionary time scale. This research is likely to have an impact on the fields of plant genomics, plant molecular biology, and molecular evolution. Some duplicate genes play a role in specifying traits of agronomic importance in plants. Some RNA splicing patterns in duplicated genes may be involved in conferring traits selected for during plant breeding. In particular, polyploid canola (Brassica napus) is very important to Canada's economy and food supply and what is learned from studying RNA splicing in canola may lead to improvement of this crop plant.

多倍体是一种多出一组染色体的生物体，在植物中很常见，许多作物都是多倍体。多倍体的形成通常涉及两个物种之间的杂交（杂交），随后是染色体加倍。多倍体可以导致新的形态和发育特征，更大的细胞大小，以及新的基因功能和表达模式。我的研究计划的长期目标是了解多倍性对重复基因的进化，表达，剪接和功能的影响。我们研究进化上最近的多倍体植物，以及来自数百万年前发生的古代多倍体事件的基因，以确定重复基因进化的长期结果。这项研究计划的目标是了解多倍体对基因表达的影响，重点是响应环境压力条件的RNA剪接（选择性剪接）模式。将甘蓝型油菜（油菜）多倍体与其二倍体亲本物种B进行比较。rapa和B.甘蓝。应激处理包括热、冷、干旱和盐。为了检查每种强制降解处理对RNA表达和剪接的影响，将采用高通量方法对RNA进行测序，该方法可提供完整转录物（亚型）的序列。将用计算方法分析数据。这项研究将深入了解多倍体中重复基因之间转录异构体的差异，并揭示多倍体与其二倍体亲本物种的比较。此外，将分析芸苔属谱系进化史中由更古老的多倍性复制的基因中的RNA剪接模式，以评估转录异构体在长期进化时间尺度上的变化。这项研究可能会对植物基因组学、植物分子生物学和分子进化等领域产生影响。一些重复基因在植物中指定重要的农艺性状中起作用。重复基因中的一些RNA剪接模式可能参与赋予植物育种过程中选择的性状。特别是，多倍体油菜（甘蓝型油菜）是非常重要的加拿大的经济和粮食供应，什么是从研究RNA剪接油菜可能会导致这种作物的改进。