Pressurized and Supercritical Fluids for Novel Integrated Processing of Crop Biomass and Food By-Products

用于农作物生物质和食品副产品新型集成加工的加压和超临界流体

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04371
• 负责人: ArandaSaldana, Marleny
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743328
• 关键词: Pressurized; Supercritical; Fluids; Novel; Integrated

Development and integration of new environmentally friendly technologies is crucial to generate bioactives and value-added products from vast crop biomass. Subcritical water (sCW), pressurized fluids (PF) and supercritical fluids (SCF) are versatile solvents that provide a green processing platform to develop independent and integrated processing approaches for agricultural (straw), and food industry (peel, hull, etc) by-products. The applicant's research area to date has focused on the use of sCW and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) for solubility determination and modeling (glucose, lactose, oil), extraction of compounds (phenolics, carbohydrates, artemisinin) with sCW, SC-CO2, PF (water+ethanol), and reactions in SC-CO2 and sCW media. Future work would therefore continue to build on this expertise by further contributions to process design, development and integration using sCW/PF/SCF. The main objectives of this proposal are to: 1) determine and model solubility behavior of bioactives and food components in sCW and PF; 2) determine the effects of process parameters, temperature, pressure, pH and flow rate, to design, develop and optimize fractionation processes; 3) propose and validate reaction mechanisms for food compounds, and crop biomass depolymerization in sCW and PFs, determine reaction kinetics and model these systems; and 4) integrate sCW/PF/SCF processes to obtain bioactives and high value compounds. The long-term objective of my research program is to determine how thermodynamic variables and transport properties influence extraction, fractionation, reaction, and drying in sCW, PF and SCF media, and to develop new integrated green technologies to obtain value-added products that can have a number of uses in food and non-food industrial applications. In the proposed research program, thermodynamic properties, such as solubility will be measured experimentally. Equilibrium studies will allow the selection of optimum pressure and temperature for fractionation and reaction processes. Bioactives can be first removed during fractionation and the residues can be converted to value-added compounds through specific reactions. The ability to integrate two new processes will foster innovation. The overall goal of developing value-added products relying on innovative processing technologies will be accomplished through fundamental research at laboratory scale for proof of concepts. Once the novel process is developed and integrated, applications involving diverse biomass (cereals, pulses, oilseeds) will be investigated. Valuable information on the effect of process parameters will be obtained for a batch and semi-continuous system with a future goal to implement it on a continuous system. The use of sCW/PF/SCF technology minimizes or eliminates the use of organic solvents and catalysts, thus minimizing environmental impact and meeting the growing demands of environment- and health-conscious consumers.

开发和整合新的环境友好型技术对于从巨大的作物生物量中产生生物活性和附加值产品至关重要。亚临界水(SCW)、加压流体(PF)和超临界流体(SCF)是用途广泛的溶剂，为农业(秸秆)和食品工业(果皮、壳等)副产品开发独立的综合加工方法提供了一个绿色加工平台。到目前为止，申请人的研究领域集中在使用超临界水和超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)进行溶解度测定和建模(葡萄糖、乳糖、油)，用SCW、SC-CO2、PF(水+乙醇)提取化合物(酚、碳水化合物、青蒿素)，以及在SC-CO2和SCW介质中的反应。因此，今后的工作将继续以这一专门知识为基础，利用SCW/PF/SCF为流程设计、开发和一体化作出进一步贡献。这项建议的主要目标是：1)确定生物活性物质和食品成分在超临界水和超临界流体中的溶解行为并建立模型；2)确定工艺参数、温度、压力、pH和流速的影响，以设计、开发和优化分馏工艺；3)提出并验证食品化合物和作物生物质在超临界水和超临界流体中解聚的反应机理，确定反应动力学并对这些体系进行建模；以及4)整合超临界水/超临界流体/超临界流体工艺以获得生物活性物质和高价值化合物。我的研究计划的长期目标是确定热力学变量和传输性质如何影响SCW、PF和SCF介质中的提取、分级、反应和干燥，并开发新的集成绿色技术，以获得在食品和非食品工业应用中具有多种用途的增值产品。在拟议的研究计划中，将通过实验测量热力学性质，如溶解度。平衡研究将允许选择分馏和反应过程的最佳压力和温度。生物活性物质可以在分馏过程中首先被去除，残留物可以通过特定的反应转化为增值化合物。整合两个新流程的能力将促进创新。依靠创新的加工技术开发增值产品的总体目标将通过实验室规模的基础研究来实现，以验证概念。一旦开发和集成了这一新工艺，将研究涉及各种生物质(谷物、豆类、油籽)的应用。对于批处理和半连续系统，将获得关于工艺参数影响的有价值的信息，并且未来的目标是在连续系统上实施它。使用SCW/PF/SCF技术可最大限度地减少或消除有机溶剂和催化剂的使用，从而最大限度地减少对环境的影响，并满足注重环境和健康的消费者日益增长的需求。