Green Surface Washing for the Cleanup of Oiled Shoreline in the Complicated Environment

海洋石油泄漏仍然是石油工业、监管机构和公众关注的一个主要环境问题。当泄漏的石油到达海岸时，它会破坏沿海生态系统，并通过扰乱生计、商业和娱乐活动和资源造成社会经济影响。一旦到达海岸，石油清理操作可能是昂贵和耗时的。一些海岸修复方法，包括物理去除，沉积物迁移，和生物修复进行了研究。然而，与海洋溢油污染压力的日益增大相比，目前仍缺乏有效的溢油应急措施。表面洗涤剂可用于通过改变油的流变性质或油/水相之间的界面性质来加速滞留油的去除。 然而，在清理前，油污在不同基质成分的受影响海岸线中的去向和迁移尚不清楚;没有用于高效清除海岸线油污的绿色表面清洗剂;也缺乏在复杂环境下实施绿色表面清洗剂的海岸线油污响应指南。本项目的目标是开发支持溢油响应的绿色表面清洗方法。具体而言，该项目包括以下四个方面的工作：（i）多沉积物组分海岸线中石油输运特性的表征;（ii）绿色功能清洗剂的开发;（iii）用于强化除油的绿色功能清洗液的性能评估;以及（iv）复杂环境中应用的工艺优化和实践指南。拟议的项目是在漏油反应的既定办法之外的创新努力的综合。本项目将开发一种新型的绿色岸线表面冲洗技术，用于处理受溢油影响的岸线。环境友好型、低成本的绿色功能性清洗液为溢油控制提供了一种全新的理论，为未来可持续溢油响应策略的发展提供了独特的方向。此外，该研究还有助于揭示石油在海岸基质中的迁移和冲刷过程中石油去除的新机制。这些清洗技术可用于处理各种海岸线污染情况，并制定所需的污染控制计划。该项目将通过提供有关使用绿色表面清洗剂的科学证据，促进伙伴间协作和政策交付。通过这一举措开发的技术将使加拿大受益，为根据各种社会、经济和环境标准减轻石油泄漏风险提供有效的办法。在这一为期五年的项目期间，将对HQP进行处理溢油应急问题的培训。

Marine oil spills continue to be a major environmental concern to the petroleum industry, regulators and the public. When the spilled oil reaches coast, it can damage the coastal ecosystems and cause socioeconomic impacts by disrupting subsistence, commercial and recreational activities and resources. Once on shore, oil cleanup operations can be expensive and time consuming. Some coastal remediation methods including physical removal, sediment relocation, and bioremediation have been studied. However, in comparison with the increasing pressure of marine oil spill pollution, there is still a lack of effective initiatives for oil spill response. Surface washing agents can be used to accelerate the removal of stranded oil by altering the rheological properties of oil or the interfacial properties between oil/water phases. However, the fate and transport of oil in the impacted shorelines with various substrate components before cleanup are still not clear; the green surface washing agents for efficient oil removal from shoreline are not available; there is also a lack of shoreline oil response guide for the implementation of green surface washing agents in the complicated environment. The objective of this project is to develop the green surface washing methods for supporting oil spill response. In detail, the proposed project involves the following four tasks: (i) characterization of oil transport in the shoreline with multiple sediment components, (ii) development of green functional washing agents, (iii) performance assessment of green functional washing fluid for enhanced oil removal, and (iv) process optimization and practice guide for applications in the complicated environment. The proposed project represents an integration of innovative efforts beyond established approaches in oil spill response. In this project, a novel green shoreline surface washing technique will be developed to treat the shoreline impacted by spilled oil. The use of environment-friendly and low-cost green functional washing fluid addresses a completely new theory for oil spill control and it may provide a unique direction for the future development of sustainable oil spill response strategy. Moreover, the study can help reveal the new mechanism of oil transport in the shoreline substrates and oil removal in washing process. These washing technologies can be used to deal with various shoreline oiling scenarios, and generate desired pollution control plans. The project will facilitate inter-partner collaboration and policy delivery through provision of a scientific proof regarding the use of green surface washing agents. Technologies developed through this initiative will benefit Canada by providing efficient approaches for oil spill risk mitigation subject to various social, economic and environmental criteria. The HQPs will be trained for tackling spill response problems during this five-year project.