Instructive Biomaterials-based Platforms for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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The nature of the work to be done: Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery occlusion are one of the leading causes of death in Canada. For patients with severe coronary artery disease, there are three treatment options: (i) coronary artery bypass grafting, (ii) catheter-based interventions such as coronary angioplasty and stenting, and (iii) therapeutic angiogenesis. Each of these options has its own challenges to be fully realized. The success of surgical bypass grafting is limited by the lack of engineered biological tissue substitutes whereas coronary angioplasty and stenting are limited by the undesired and uncontrolled proliferation of smooth muscle cells that eventually re-occlude the artery. Therapeutic angiogenesis requires controlled delivery of growth factors into the desired site but has not been successful as yet. Over the next 5 years, my research program will focus on developing novel enabling technologies to address the challenges associated with (ii) and (iii) above by 1) functional conjugation of Jagged1 Notch ligand to stents with the aim of improving vascular reparative outcome, and 2) designing biodegradable luminescent (light emitting polymers without heat source) hydrogels for delivery of an angiogenic factor (a substance that triggers small blood vessel formation) and an arteriogenic factor (a substance that stabilizes the newly formed blood vessel). Why and to whom the research is important: The proposed research is important because it brings together biomaterials and molecular biology tools to treat heart disease. The proposed research will provide fundamental understanding on one of the unsolved challenges in stent performance. It also provides a novel method to deliver blood vessel growth factors, to image them at the site of their injection, and to evaluate how long it sustains delivery.The anticipated outcomes: From Objective #1, I anticipate to develop stents with conjugated Jagged1 that will arrest the undesired smooth muscle cell proliferation that leads to re-occlusion. In the process, I also anticipate gaining fundamental materials-induced cell biology knowledge. From Objective #2, I anticipate developing novel biodegradable and injectable inherently luminescent hydrogels to sequentially deliver two biological factors to help the body grow collateral blood flow around a blockage without the need for surgery or stent. These hydrogels will allow not only for biomolecule delivery but also noninvasive imaging of the injected gels to see its location and rate of delivery. The benefits to the research field and to Canada: The proposed research utilizes one type of biomaterials (stents) to present Jagged1 to cells and another new biomaterial to deliver and image biomolecules for blood vessels growth. The proposed research will result in significant technology development for applications to human health through materials-based interventions.