Occurrence of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their removal using novel regenerable ion exchange resins

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的出现及其使用新型可再生离子交换树脂的去除

• 批准号: 576625-2022
• 负责人: Mohseni, MadjidM
• 金额: $ 21.71万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746744
• 关键词: Occurrence; per; poly; fluoroalkyl; substances

PFAS are ubiquitous in the environment and in people, who are exposed to these compounds via contaminated food and water, consumer products, and workplaces. Exposure to several PFAS has been linked to a range of health effects in both human and animal studies, even at very low trace levels. PFAS are so environmentally persistent that they have been termed " forever chemicals". Currently in the US there are 42,000 PFAS contaminated sites identified. In Canada alone, these chemicals have contaminated even the most remote parts of our country, including the Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems and our most important freshwater resource - the Great Lakes. It is forecasted that PFAS will drive water utilities to spend in excess of $12 billion until 2030. Treatment technologies such as ion exchange (IX) process are among the few existing techniques that exhibit promising potentials for the removal of toxic PFAS from natural waters. However, the present-day industrial practice is to develop specialized PFAS-specific resins which are typically operated in a single load-and-dispose mode until exhaustion. This strategy increases the resin demand and the consequent operational cost of IX and challenge of concentrated toxic waste management. In addition, the current technologies are extremely expensive, preventing many water utilities to take the needed action. We plan on addressing these gaps in knowledge and technology, by first assessing the occurrence of PFAS in some Canadian water supplies, as well as identifying the links between source water quality, resin microstructure, regeneration protocols and PFAS defluorination (or elimination) techniques. The proposed network approach to research and close partnership among different academic researchers, government agencies, water utilities, consulting engineers, and technology providers, we will not only help the regulatory authorities and water utilities to win the fight against PFAS and ensure safe drinking water for generations to come, but also provide the Canadian industry, especially our partners, the tools and technologies to compete in this fast emerging market.

全氟辛烷磺酸在环境和人类中普遍存在，人们通过受污染的食物和水、消费品和工作场所接触到这些化合物。在人类和动物研究中，暴露于几种全氟辛烷磺酸与一系列健康影响有关，即使在非常低的痕量水平上也是如此。全氟辛烷磺酸在环境中具有很强的持久性，因此被称为“永远的化学品”。目前在美国，有42,000个全氟辛烷磺酸污染场地已被确认。仅在加拿大，这些化学品甚至污染了我国最偏远的地区，包括加拿大北极海洋生态系统和我们最重要的淡水资源--五大湖。据预测，到2030年，PFAS将推动水务公用事业支出超过120亿美元。离子交换(IX)法等处理技术是现有的为数不多的具有从天然水中去除有毒全氟辛烷磺酸的有潜力的技术之一。然而，目前的工业实践是开发专门的全氟辛烷磺酸专用树脂，这种树脂通常以单一的加载和处置模式运行，直到耗尽为止。这一战略增加了对树脂的需求，增加了IX的运营成本，并增加了集中有毒废物管理的挑战。此外，目前的技术极其昂贵，使许多自来水公司无法采取必要的行动。我们计划解决这些知识和技术上的差距，首先评估加拿大一些供水系统中全氟化铝的出现情况，并确定水源水质、树脂微结构、再生方案和全氟化铝除氟(或消除)技术之间的联系。通过拟议的网络研究方法以及不同的学术研究人员、政府机构、水务公司、咨询工程师和技术提供商之间的密切合作，我们不仅将帮助监管机构和水务公司赢得与PFAS的斗争，确保子孙后代的安全饮用水，而且还将为加拿大行业，特别是我们的合作伙伴，提供在这个快速新兴市场竞争的工具和技术。