Disturbance stress in forest plants as a result of sub-lethal glyphosate-based herbicides

亚致死草甘膦除草剂对森林植物造成的干扰胁迫

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06765
• 负责人: Wood, Lisa
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Northern British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751482
• 关键词: Disturbance; stress; forest; plants; result

British Columbian (BC) forests have some of the highest plant diversity across Canada. A better understanding of the characteristics of BC flora, and how these plants respond to human-induced disturbance stressors are required in order to preserve biodiversity and the resilience of forested ecosystems before changes lead to loss of species altogether. Canadians have been applying glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) to forested environments since the 1980s; and in BC, to an average of 16,000 hectares of forests annually. Original research suggested that glyphosate broke down quickly and was therefore of little risk to the environment. Recently, we have discovered that low concentrations of glyphosate persist in northern forest plants, leading to deformation in plant morphology, chronic exposure potential, with risk to humans and ecosystems. This aspect of herbicide use has received little public or research attention. My research will fill the gap that exists in knowledge about persistent, sub-lethal concentrations of GBH in living plant tissues. My research team will work to better understand the physical and chemical make-up of trees, shrubs and herbs growing under stress caused by GBH. Students will use state-of-the-art methods and equipment to analyze plant tissues to report on important changes that occur during times of stress. We will describe and define the stress symptoms of these plants and determine the physical nature of, and rate of response to stress over time in select species. We will also discover how changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and light levels impact the stress response. Given the vital role that plants play in ecosystem food webs and services, a better understanding of forest plant health in stressful conditions is critical. Results provided through this research program will inform policy and land management practices concerning prediction of plant and ecosystem health, and specifically speak to how plant species will be altered by sub-lethal GBH persistence. We will provide important information about plant health to the Canadian public, industry, and governments, which will contribute to better understanding of conditions for sustainable management of plant communities during resource extraction. Understanding the response of forest plants to herbicide disturbance will lend insight into the properties they will possess under future disturbance pressure and lend insight to how this stress may alter disease resistance processes in plants, pollination success, and quality of food and habitat for wildlife. GBH production is a billion dollar industry, and changes to practices associated with it would have enormous impacts for resource industries, including forestry, agriculture and the vegetation management associated with hydropower lines, pipeline corridors and roads. Since GBH are used so extensively in Canada and worldwide (>130 countries), it is imperative that this research is conducted.

不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）森林在整个加拿大的植物多样性最高。为了更好地理解BC Flora的特征，以及这些植物如何应对人类引起的干扰压力源，以保持生物多样性和森林生态系统的弹性，然后再变化会导致物种的损失。自1980年代以来，加拿大人一直将基于草甘膦的除草剂（GBH）应用于森林环境；在卑诗省，每年平均达到16,000公顷的森林。原始研究表明，草甘膦很快破裂，因此对环境的风险很小。最近，我们发现北部森林植物的草甘膦浓度持续存在，导致植物形态，长期暴露潜力以及对人类和生态系统的风险的变形。除草剂使用的这一方面几乎没有受到公众或研究的关注。我的研究将填补有关活植物组织中GBH持续的，亚致死浓度的知识中存在的空白。我的研究团队将努力更好地了解在GBH造成的压力下生长的树木，灌木和草药的物理和化学构成。学生将使用最先进的方法和设备来分析植物组织，以报告压力时期发生的重要变化。我们将描述和定义这些植物的应力症状，并确定某些物种中随时间推移压力的物理性质以及对压力的反应速率。我们还将发现环境条件的变化如何影响压力反应。鉴于植物在生态系统食品网和服务中起着至关重要的作用，因此在压力条件下更好地了解森林植物健康是至关重要的。通过该研究计划提供的结果将为有关植物和生态系统健康预测的政策和土地管理实践提供信息，特别是谈到植物物种将如何通过次致死的GBH持久性改变。我们将为加拿大公共，工业和政府提供有关植物健康的重要信息，这将有助于更好地理解资源提取期间植物群落可持续管理的条件。了解森林植物对除草剂疾病的反应将使您对未来的干扰压力下将拥有的特性有深入的了解，并洞悉这种压力如何改变植物中的疾病抗性过程，授粉成功，食物的质量和野生动植物的栖息地。 GBH生产是一个十亿美元的行业，与其相关的实践的变化将对资源行业产生巨大影响，包括林业，农业和与水电线，管道走廊和道路相关的植被管理。由于GBH在加拿大和全球（> 130个国家 /地区）如此广泛地使用，因此必须进行这项研究。