Towards Power Electronic Centric Power Systems

迈向以电力电子为中心的电力系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06453
• 负责人: Lehn, Peter
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751615
• 关键词: Towards; Power; Electronic; Centric; Systems

Advancement of fundamental research in the power electronic field will play a pivotal role in society's ability to economically transition towards electrification of its net energy infrastructure and to meet its ambitious green house gas emission targets. The shift towards renewables and electrified transport, will place additional demands on future, power electronic centric, electrical infrastructure that cannot be met by today's technology. To meet these demands, several key enabler grid technologies and supporting engineering tools will be required to optimally exploit the benefits of mixed AC and DC type power systems, as made possible by power electronics. This will result in a fundamentally different power system than the 60 Hz legacy AC power system of today. The proposed research program investigates three critical facets unique to future power electronic centric power systems. First, research into modular multi-level converters will explore new topologies to create single-stage DC/DC converter structures capable of high conversion ratios with goal that these structures provide functionality nearing that of a transformer, but for DC systems. Such solutions will provide a means of direct exchange of DC power between renewables, energy storage systems and DC loads without the multitude of costly AC/DC high power converters that are employed in today's electrical grid. This also has additional benefits in terms of improved energy efficiency and reliability of the grid. Secondly, DC networks that offer inherent capacity to electronically limit or interrupt the amplitude of hazardous grid fault currents will be developed. This development has promise to significantly reduce the cost of electrical infrastructure by providing broad access to the myriad of economic and environmental benefits that DC transmission and distribution networks can offer. Finally, next generation engineering tools are critically needed for the design, control and stability analysis of these emergent networks which will feature a high penetration of new power electronic systems that operate quite differently than the grid-interfaced power electronics of today. Classical modeling techniques, based on the theory of system linearization are failing to capture significant energy transfer mechanisms within emergent power electronic systems, yet precisely these systems provide the gateway to formerly unavailable functionality and new avenues for infrastructure cost reductions. The Global Infrastructure Hub, established by the G20, anticipates over $20 trillion U.S. will be invested globally in electrical energy infrastructure between 2020 and 2040. Optimal deployment of this investment will hinge on the technologies available for the conversion and control of electrical power, as provided by next generation power electronic systems.

电力电子领域基础研究的进步将在社会经济转型到其净能源基础设施电气化和实现其雄心勃勃的绿色房屋气体排放目标的能力方面发挥关键作用。向可再生能源和电气化运输的转变将对未来以电力电子为中心的电力基础设施提出额外的要求，而这些要求是当今技术无法满足的。为了满足这些需求，将需要几种关键的使能电网技术和支持工程工具，以最佳地利用混合AC和DC型电力系统的优势，电力电子技术使之成为可能。这将导致与今天的60 Hz传统AC电力系统根本不同的电力系统。拟议的研究计划调查三个关键方面独特的未来电力电子为中心的电力系统。 首先，对模块化多电平转换器的研究将探索新的拓扑以创建能够具有高转换比的单级DC/DC转换器结构，目标是这些结构提供接近Transformer的功能，但是用于DC系统。这样的解决方案将提供在可再生能源、能量存储系统和DC负载之间直接交换DC电力的手段，而无需当今电网中采用的大量昂贵的AC/DC高功率转换器。这在提高电网的能源效率和可靠性方面也有额外的好处。其次，将开发具有固有能力的直流网络，以电子方式限制或中断危险电网故障电流的幅度。这一发展有望通过提供广泛的经济和环境效益，直流输电和配电网络可以提供显着降低电力基础设施的成本。 最后，这些新兴网络的设计，控制和稳定性分析迫切需要下一代工程工具，这些新兴网络将具有高渗透率的新电力电子系统，其运行方式与今天的电网接口电力电子系统完全不同。基于系统线性化理论的经典建模技术未能捕获紧急电力电子系统中的重要能量传输机制，但恰恰是这些系统提供了通往以前不可用的功能的网关和降低基础设施成本的新途径。 G20成立的全球基础设施中心预计，2020年至2040年期间，美国将在全球范围内投资超过20万亿美元用于电力基础设施。这项投资的最佳部署将取决于下一代电力电子系统提供的电力转换和控制技术。