Geotechnical and Structural Paradigms for the Design, Implementation, and Operation of Small Modular Reactors in Canada's North

加拿大北部小型模块化反应堆设计、实施和运行的岩土工程和结构范例

• 批准号: 580452-2022
• 负责人: Maghoul, PoonehP
• 金额: $ 8.74万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754631
• 关键词: Geotechnical; Structural; Paradigms; Design; Implementation

Nuclear power, as a clean energy source, plays a crucial role for economic development of the northern regions. Other sources of clean energy such as solar, wind, and geothermal provide intermittent and/or partial electricity, and are not entirely practical for long-term solution in islanded, micro-grid communities. Further, the geopolitical importance of Canada's Arctic necessitates a viable and continuous source of energy in such remote areas. Compared to conventional nuclear power plants (NPP), SMRs are considered safer, more cost effective, and more flexible, requiring smaller capital input with shorter construction periods. Such features make SMRs an ideal energy source in remote communities that are heavily dependent on diesel and other fossil fuels. SMRs, which would replace fossil fuels for heat and power generation to homes and heavy industries, will assist Canada in meeting its commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. While SMRs are faster to construct and easier to implement compared to NPPs, many concerns still need to be addressed especially in vulnerable (sub)arctic regions that are adversely affected by climate warming and corresponding permafrost degradation. The main objective of this research project is to develop structural and geotechnical paradigms for the design, implementation, and operation of Small Modular Reactors (SMR) in the northern Canadian permafrost regions. There are currently over 50 SMR prototypes globally with different modularity and scalability - all vying for adoption. Our vision is to develop a spatiotemporal multifaceted protocol for SMRs site selection considering the different attributes of existing SMRs for different sites in Canada's North and a seminal design methodology for permafrost foundations in the context of climate change and geohazards. Our proposed research encompasses different fields including permafrost engineering, geotechnical engineering, geomechanics, stochastics and climate non-stationarity, high-resolution monitoring and modeling of climatic and geohazards, geophysics, signal processing, computer science, and data science.

核电作为一种清洁能源，对北方地区的经济发展起着至关重要的作用。其他清洁能源，如太阳能，风能和地热能提供间歇性和/或部分电力，并且对于孤岛，微电网社区的长期解决方案并不完全实用。此外，加拿大北极地区的地缘政治重要性需要在这些偏远地区提供可行和持续的能源。与传统的核电站（NPP）相比，SMR被认为更安全，更具成本效益，更灵活，需要更少的资本投入和更短的建设周期。这些特点使SMR成为严重依赖柴油和其他化石燃料的偏远社区的理想能源。SMR将取代化石燃料用于家庭和重工业的供热和发电，将有助于加拿大履行其到2050年实现净零排放的承诺。虽然与核电站相比，小型反应堆建设速度更快，实施更容易，但仍有许多问题需要解决，特别是在受气候变暖和相应的永久冻土退化不利影响的脆弱（亚）北极地区。本研究项目的主要目标是开发结构和岩土工程范例的设计，实施和操作的小型模块化反应堆（SMR）在加拿大北方永久冻土区。目前全球有50多个SMR原型，具有不同的模块化和可扩展性-所有这些都在争夺采用。我们的愿景是制定一个时空的多方面的协议SMRs选址考虑到现有的SMRs在加拿大北部的不同站点的不同属性和一个开创性的设计方法，在气候变化和地质灾害的背景下，冻土地基。我们提出的研究涵盖不同的领域，包括冻土工程，岩土工程，地质力学，随机和气候非平稳性，气候和地质灾害的高分辨率监测和建模，地球物理学，信号处理，计算机科学和数据科学。