Nature-based solutions for permafrost stabilization and permafrost carbon fixation

气候变暖对北极地区建筑环境的不利影响是前所未有的，而且正在加速。加拿大北部的建筑物（如公路、铁路、水坝和管道）比以前更快地沉入融化的土地。数十亿美元将需要适应和修复现有的基础设施，这些基础设施正受到永久冻土消失的影响。此外，多年冻土也是人类历史上最大的陆地碳汇源。如果只考虑自上而下的逐渐融化，到2100年，如果没有积极的气候政策或气候变化适应战略，永久冻土的累积碳排放量可能达到1500亿吨。如果我们想把全球变暖控制在2摄氏度以内，这是国际气候协议设定的限制，那么这个数量几乎是世界温室气体排放预算的一半。在这个项目的过程中，我们将首次开发一种尖端的基于自然的纳米增强生物胶结协议，用于项目1中的地基加固和永久冻土稳定。我们将开发方法、实验室和大规模协议以及模型，并将技术转让给合作组织者，以促进在实践中的采用。在项目2中，我们将首次开发一个数字孪生平台，通过开发一个基于物理学的多尺度模拟器，由多模态AI/ML平台提供数据，以预测未来的植被水平、微生物活动和永久冻土碳反馈。这项工作将使用项目1中开发的方法，并将应用从过去的经验和正在与合作伙伴计划的实地试验中获得的知识。这将为利益攸关方提供一个基于证据的气候政策决策工具。在该项目期间，将培训5名HQP。

The adverse effects of climate warming on the built environment in (sub)arctic regions are unprecedented andaccelerating. The built structures (such as roads, railways, dams, and pipelines) in Canada's North are sinkinginto the thawing ground faster than before. Billions of dollars will be required to adapt and repair the existinginfrastructure that is being affected by the disappearance of permafrost. In addition, permafrost is also thegreatest source of terrestrial carbon sink in human history. By considering only gradual and top-down thaw,cumulative permafrost emissions could reach 150 billion tons of carbon by the year 2100 without aggressiveclimate policies or climate change adaptation strategies. This amount is nearly half the world's remainingcarbon budget if we want to keep warming under 2 C, which is the limit set in the international climateagreements. Over the course of this project, we will develop for the first time a cutting-edge nature-based nano-enhanced bio-cementation protocol for ground improvement and permafrost stabilization in Project 1. We will develop methodologies, laboratory and large-scale protocols, and models and will transfer technology to the partner organizers to promote adoption in practice. In Project 2, we will develop for the first time a Digital Twin platform by developing a physics-based, multiscale simulator fed by a multi-modalities AI/ML platform to predict the level of vegetation, microbial activity, and permafrost carbon feedback in the future. This work will use the methods developed in Project 1 and will apply the knowledge gained from past experiences and field trials being planned with the partners. This will provide stakeholders with an evidence-based decision-making tool for climate policy. During this project, 5 HQPs will be trained.