Impacts of recent anthropogenic changes on peatland carbon dynamics

最近的人为变化对泥炭地碳动态的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06598
• 负责人: Garneau, Michelle
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=755113
• 关键词: Impacts; recent; anthropogenic; changes; peatland

Importance of peatlandsPeatlands are the most widespead group of wetlands. Their total extent has been estimated to more than 400 million km2 which represents 3-4% of the earth's surface. More than 90% of peatlands are located in the temperate and cold belt in the Northern Hemisphere (boreal and subarctic) where cool and moist conditions favor decreased rate of organic matter decomposition. Peatlands provide important ecosystem services to society. They play an important role in the global hydrological cycle helping maintain both water quantity and quality. They also play a significant role in climate regulation as they constitute important carbon sinks by storing > 40% of the total carbon in soils over the planet. International organizations have recently recognized the role of peatland ecosystems in climate attenuation and one of the major statement from the recent Global Symposium on Soil Organic Carbon in Rome (2017) has been that reduction of terrestrial carbon sink represents one of the key risk for future climate change. Role in the atmospheric carbon cycleThere is currently no consensus on the direction or magnitude of the recent warming-induced changes on soil carbon. With rising surface temperatures, some recent studies have simulated a net loss of carbon to the atmosphere while some others suggest a rise of biological productivity, hence more carbon uptake linked with longer growing-seasons. Taking into account the natural and damaged conditions of peatlands in eastern Canada and following a synthesis produced for the Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques (MDDELCC), Québec on the quantification of peatlands carbon stocks in the Quebec province, the objectives of the proposed five years program aim to document the recent (comparison of soil organic carbon dynamics in these different bioclimatic regions and distangle the changes due to natural and anthropogenic pressures. Changes in carbon stocks and carbon accumulation due to human activities (ex. drainage) will be compared with the potential increase in biomass productivity that could potentially offset the impact of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

泥炭地的重要性是最广泛的湿地群。它们的总范围估计超过4亿公里，占地球表面的3-4％。超过90％的泥炭地位于北半球（北半球和亚北半球）的温度和冷带，凉爽和潮湿的条件有利于有机物分解的速度提高。泥炭地为社会提供重要的生态系统服务。它们在全球水文周期中起着重要作用，有助于维持水量和质量。它们在气候调节中也起着重要作用，因为它们通过在地球上土壤中存储> 40％的总碳来构成重要的碳汇。国际组织最近认识到泥炭地生态系统在气候衰减中的作用，以及最近全球关于罗马土壤有机碳（2017年）的全球土壤有机碳研讨会的主要声明之一是，减少陆地碳水槽是未来气候变化的主要风险之一。在大气碳循环中的作用目前在最近变暖引起的土壤碳变化的方向或大小上尚无共识。随着表面温度的升高，一些最近的研究模拟了大气中的碳净损失，而另一些研究表明生物生产力的升高，因此更多的碳吸收与较长的生长季节有关。 Taking into Account the natural and damaged conditions of Peatlands in Eastern Canada and following a synthesis produced for the Ministère du Développement Durable, and the changes in Climatiques (MDDELCC), Québec on the quantification of Peatlands carbon stocks in the Quebec province, the objectives of the proposed five years program aim to document the recent (comparison of soil organic carbon dynamics in these different bioclimatic regions并将由于人类活动引起的自然和人为压力的变化弥补，将与生物量生产力的潜在增加，这可能会抵消人为温室气体排放的影响。