Holocene ecohydrological dynamics and related carbon balance in the oligotrophic peatlands of north-central Québec, Canada

加拿大魁北克中北部贫营养泥炭地全新世生态水文动态及相关碳平衡

• 批准号: 513542-2017
• 负责人: Garneau, Michelle
• 金额: $ 3.8万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=651547
• 关键词: Holocene; ecohydrological; dynamics; related; carbon

In the central-north Quebec region, peatlands are vulnerable to recent climate change but also to industrial development activities. Peatlands in this region are mainly represented by systems that developed in topographic depressions of the Precambrian Shield. They are characterized with surface patterning similar to that observed in western Labrador, central Sweden and northern Finland. In eastern Canada, those ecosystems have shown recent ecohydrologic disequilibrium expressed by a general water table rise. In this region of Quebec where mining activities are in development, peatlands had never been studied in detail before a successful NSERC Engage project and a Mitacs Acceleration project were initiated during summer 2016 in collaboration with the industrial partner Stornoway Diamonds Corporation (Mine Renard). Preliminary results show that the peatlands do present a similar pattern of ecohydrological disequilibrium to those documented in the northeast section of the La Grande River watershed and confirm the importance of investigating their vulnerability to natural and anthropogenic pressures in terms of hydrology but also in terms of future greenhouse gas (mainly carbon dioxyde and methane) balance. The proposed project aims at quantifying the hydroclimatic changes that may have influenced the ecohydrologic disequilibrium phenomenon in these northern ecosystems. To do so, quantitative paleoclimate reconstruction using pollen, plant macrofossils and water table reconstructions will be developed to support modeling peatlands water dynamics (including groundwater exchanges) in order to identify the most sensitive parameters that influenced the phenomenon in northeastern Canada over the past millenia. Both Stornoway Diamonds Corporation and Nemaska Lithium industrial partners support this initiative as wetlands compensation measure required from the Quebec government. One of the expected results transferred to the industry will be the development of an index of biological integrity for vulnerable peatland systems in the context of the ongoing development on the northern territory. ****************

在中北部魁北克地区，泥炭地容易受到最近气候变化的影响，但也容易受到工业发展活动的影响。 该地区的泥炭地主要以前寒武纪地盾地形凹陷中发育的系统为代表。它们的特点是表面图案类似于拉布拉多西部，瑞典中部和北方芬兰观察到的。在加拿大东部，这些生态系统最近表现出生态水文不平衡，表现为地下水位普遍上升。在魁北克的这一地区，采矿活动正在发展，在2016年夏季与工业合作伙伴Stornoway Diamonds Corporation（Mine Renard）合作成功启动NSERC Engage项目和Mitacs Acceleration项目之前，泥炭地从未被详细研究过。 初步结果表明，泥炭地确实提出了类似的模式的生态水文不平衡的记录在东北部的拉格兰德河流域，并确认调查其脆弱性的重要性，自然和人为的压力，水文方面，但也在未来的温室气体（主要是二氧化碳和甲烷）平衡。 拟议的项目旨在量化可能影响这些北方生态系统生态水文不平衡现象的水文气候变化。要做到这一点，定量古气候重建使用花粉，植物宏化石和地下水位重建将开发支持泥炭地水动力学建模（包括地下水交换），以确定最敏感的参数，影响了加拿大东北部的现象在过去的千年。斯托诺韦钻石公司和内马斯卡锂业合作伙伴都支持这一倡议，作为魁北克政府要求的湿地补偿措施。转移到该行业的预期成果之一将是在北领地持续发展的背景下，为脆弱的泥炭地系统制定一个生物完整性指数。****************