Characterizing neural profiles in males & females, as well as their relation to sex hormones: A multimodal imaging approach

标题：描述男性有性别意识的晶状体的神经特征。历史上，女性在很大程度上被排除在神经科学(更广泛地说，是医学)研究之外，这在很大程度上是因为波动的荷尔蒙可能会影响神经特征，因此需要控制。当女性被包括在内时，在解释结果时通常不考虑荷尔蒙影响，这在研究中造成了偏见。在拟议的计划中，将在休息状态以及空间旋转和面部表情识别任务中检查神经图谱；这些领域已被证明显示出性别之间的细微行为差异。还将检查脑部形态特征(皮质厚度/结构体积)。这项研究将使用脑电(EEG)和EEG衍生的事件相关电位(ERPs)以及神经成像方法进行。事件相关电位精细的时间分辨率允许评估意识前的皮质过程，如情绪刺激的自动视觉检测，以及更多认知的、后来发生的神经元过程。EEG/ERP数据极其丰富，可以通过多种方式进行分析。因此，分析EEG/ERP数据的多路方法可以极大地促进我们对男性和女性大脑的了解，以及这些神经图谱与性激素的关系；这将是本节目A部分的重点。B部分将利用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)数据的卓越空间分辨率，深入了解与情绪/认知处理相关的神经区域，以及男性和女性在休息状态时的神经区域。这些数据将结合同时记录的脑电/事件相关电位指数进行分析。总而言之，这些信息将为男性/女性大脑的不同/重叠特征，以及它们与性激素的关系提供最全面和最丰富的图景。

TITLE: Characterizing neural profiles in males gender conscious’ lens.Females have historically been largely excluded from neuroscience (and, more globally, medical) research due, in large part, to the fact that fluctuating hormones may influence neural features, and thus need to be controlled for. When females are included, hormonal effects are generally not considered when interpreting results, creating a bias in research. In the proposed program, neural profiles will be examined during resting-states as well as during a spatial rotation and facial expression recognition task; these domains have been shown to exhibit subtle behavioural differences between the sexes. Morphometric brain features will also be examined (cortical thickness/structural volume). This research will be conducted using electroencephalography (EEG) and EEG-derived event-related potentials (ERPs), as well as neuroimaging approaches. The exquisite temporal resolution of ERPs allows for assessment of pre-conscious cortical processes, such as automatic visual detection of emotive stimuli, and more cognitive, later-occurring, neuronal processes. EEG/ERP data is extremely rich, and can be analyzed in several ways. Thus, a multiplexed approach in analyzing EEG/ERP data can greatly advance our understanding of male and female brains, and how such neural profiles are related to sex hormones; this will be the focus of Part A of this program. Part B, will capitalize on the superb spatial resolution of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to gain insight into the neural regions associated with emotional/cognitive processing, as well as during resting-states, in males and females. This data will be analyzed in conjunction with simultaneously recorded EEG/ERP indices. Together, this information will provide the most holistic and rich picture of the distinct/overlapping features of male/female brains, and how they relate to sex hormones.