Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Biomechanics

胸椎和腰椎生物力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06832
• 负责人: Drake, Janessa
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=757800
• 关键词: Thoracic; Lumbar; Spine; Biomechanics

Appropriate neuromuscular control and musculoskeletal responses of the thoracic and lumbar spine are essential to complete work and everyday tasks without injury. Labour injury statistics across Canada show low back pain (LBP) consistently represented the largest number of workplace related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD) claims (~18%) and had a total costs over $2 billion/year in 2014. We know that twist in the spine is a significant risk factor for LBP development is suspected to still be associated with ~60% of low back injuries. My earlier research contributed to the evidence of posture-dependent injury mechanics, but how these present in-vivo is not fully understood. If you consider the incidence of LBP increases with age, and that the Statistics Canada estimate that by 2027 30% of the Canadian population will be over 55 years, we must improve the knowledge about spine function now. Fatigue has been shown to occur at different rates and magnitudes in low back muscles (differently for males and females), likely by interfering with the neuromuscular control of trunk movement. My program examines the structure, control, and function of the thoracic and lumbar spine, considers the effects of age, sex, and fatigue, to characterize the mechanisms underlying how we respond to a range of loading exposures. The foundational knowledge I generate deepens our understanding of the spine; my aim is to help reduce WRMSDs and costs to Canadians. The short term objectives of my NSERC funded research program are to quantify and evaluate the thoracic and lumbar spine neuromuscular control and musculoskeletal responses to exposures that have been identified as workplace risk factors, using motion analysis, electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound methods.My research has improved the understanding of in-vivo lumbar spine morphology and function in response to twist; characterization of the thoracic spine; movement strategy adaptations in complex loading and prolonged sitting.   The novel methods we developed/are developing to measure in-vivo spine segmental kinematics (including twist) and muscle blood perfusion respectively, have huge potential to rapidly increase our understanding of twist as a dangerous risk factor occurring in workplaces. The empirical data and understanding of spine function generated from my program can be incorporated into existing thoracic and lumbar spine models and can set parameters for in-vitro spine testing (to test injury mechanism theory). By reaching my research goals, developing thriving HQP and research team, and publishing in excellent journals, my research program will continue to make new discoveries and have a major impact on biomechanics and ergonomic fields. My program is the only one in Canada to focus on using these approaches on those objectives to identify and understand both the potential, and existing spine injury mechanisms.

适当的神经肌肉控制和胸部和腰椎的肌肉骨骼反应对于完成工作和每天的任务至关重要。整个加拿大的劳动损伤统计数据显示，下腰痛（LBP）始终代表了与工作场所相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WRMSD）索赔（约18％），2014年的总成本超过20亿美元。我们知道，脊柱的扭曲是LBP发育的重要风险因素仍然与低背部受伤相关。我较早的研究促进了依赖姿势的损伤力学的证据，但是这些当前的体内尚未完全理解。如果您认为LBP的事件随着年龄的增长而增加，并且加拿大统计局估计，到2027年，加拿大人口的30％将超过55年，我们必须立即提高有关脊柱功能的知识。已显示疲劳以不同的速度和尺寸发生在下背部肌肉中（男性和女性的不同），可能是通过干扰躯干运动的神经肌肉控制的。我的计划检查了胸部和腰椎的结构，控制和功能，考虑了年龄，性别和疲劳的影响，以表征我们如何应对一系列负载暴露的机制。我的基本知识使我们对脊柱的理解加深了。目的是帮助减少加拿大人的WRMS和成本。我的NSERC资助研究计划的短期目标是量化和评估胸部和腰椎神经肌肉控制以及对已确定为工作场所风险因素的暴露的肌肉骨骼的反应，使用运动分析，肌电图（EMG）（EMG），磁共振成像（MRI）和超级研究的理解，并改善了lubs的理解。扭曲胸椎的表征；运动策略适应复杂的负载和延长坐姿。我们开发/正在开发的新方法是分别用于测量体内脊柱节段运动学（包括扭曲）和肌肉血液灌注，具有巨大的潜力，可以快速提高我们对扭曲的理解，作为在工作场所中发生的危险风险因素。可以将我程序产生的脊柱功能的经验数据和理解纳入现有的胸部和腰椎模型中，并可以为视野内脊柱测试（测试损伤机制理论）设置参数。通过达到我的研究目标，发展蓬勃发展的HQP和研究团队，并在出色的期刊上发布，我的研究计划将继续进行新的发现，并对生物力学和人体工程学领域产生重大影响。我的计划是加拿大唯一专注于使用这些目标来识别和理解潜力和现有脊柱损伤机制的方法。