Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Biomechanics

胸椎和腰椎生物力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06832
• 负责人: Drake, Janessa
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=757800
• 关键词: Thoracic; Lumbar; Spine; Biomechanics

Appropriate neuromuscular control and musculoskeletal responses of the thoracic and lumbar spine are essential to complete work and everyday tasks without injury. Labour injury statistics across Canada show low back pain (LBP) consistently represented the largest number of workplace related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD) claims (~18%) and had a total costs over $2 billion/year in 2014. We know that twist in the spine is a significant risk factor for LBP development is suspected to still be associated with ~60% of low back injuries. My earlier research contributed to the evidence of posture-dependent injury mechanics, but how these present in-vivo is not fully understood. If you consider the incidence of LBP increases with age, and that the Statistics Canada estimate that by 2027 30% of the Canadian population will be over 55 years, we must improve the knowledge about spine function now. Fatigue has been shown to occur at different rates and magnitudes in low back muscles (differently for males and females), likely by interfering with the neuromuscular control of trunk movement. My program examines the structure, control, and function of the thoracic and lumbar spine, considers the effects of age, sex, and fatigue, to characterize the mechanisms underlying how we respond to a range of loading exposures. The foundational knowledge I generate deepens our understanding of the spine; my aim is to help reduce WRMSDs and costs to Canadians. The short term objectives of my NSERC funded research program are to quantify and evaluate the thoracic and lumbar spine neuromuscular control and musculoskeletal responses to exposures that have been identified as workplace risk factors, using motion analysis, electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound methods.My research has improved the understanding of in-vivo lumbar spine morphology and function in response to twist; characterization of the thoracic spine; movement strategy adaptations in complex loading and prolonged sitting.   The novel methods we developed/are developing to measure in-vivo spine segmental kinematics (including twist) and muscle blood perfusion respectively, have huge potential to rapidly increase our understanding of twist as a dangerous risk factor occurring in workplaces. The empirical data and understanding of spine function generated from my program can be incorporated into existing thoracic and lumbar spine models and can set parameters for in-vitro spine testing (to test injury mechanism theory). By reaching my research goals, developing thriving HQP and research team, and publishing in excellent journals, my research program will continue to make new discoveries and have a major impact on biomechanics and ergonomic fields. My program is the only one in Canada to focus on using these approaches on those objectives to identify and understand both the potential, and existing spine injury mechanisms.

胸椎和腰椎适当的神经肌肉控制和肌肉骨骼反应对于无损伤地完成工作和日常任务至关重要。加拿大各地的工伤统计数据显示，腰痛(LBP)一直是工作场所相关肌肉骨骼疾病(WRMSD)索赔的最大数量(约18%)，2014年的总成本超过20亿美元/年。我们知道脊柱扭转是LBP发展的一个重要危险因素，被怀疑仍与约60%的腰背损伤有关。我早期的研究为姿势依赖损伤机制的证据做出了贡献，但这些机制在体内是如何存在的还不完全清楚。如果你考虑到LBP的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加，而且加拿大统计局估计到2027年30%的加拿大人口将超过55岁，我们现在必须提高对脊柱功能的知识。已经证明，疲劳在腰部肌肉中以不同的速度和程度发生(男性和女性不同)，可能是由于干扰了躯干运动的神经肌肉控制。我的程序检查胸椎和腰椎的结构、控制和功能，考虑年龄、性别和疲劳的影响，以表征我们如何对一系列负荷暴露做出反应的机制。我产生的基础知识加深了我们对脊椎的理解；我的目标是帮助加拿大人减少WRMSD和成本。我的NSERC资助的研究计划的短期目标是使用运动分析、肌电图(EMG)、磁共振成像(MRI)和超声波方法，量化和评估胸腰椎神经肌肉控制和肌肉骨骼对已被确定为工作场所危险因素的暴露的反应。我的研究提高了对体内腰椎形态和功能对扭转反应的理解；胸椎的特征；在复杂负荷和长时间坐着时的运动策略适应。我们开发/正在开发的分别测量体内脊柱节段运动学(包括扭转)和肌肉血流灌注的新方法具有巨大的潜力，可以迅速增加我们对扭转作为工作场所发生的危险风险因素的理解。从我的项目中产生的经验数据和对脊柱功能的理解可以整合到现有的胸腰椎模型中，并可以为体外脊柱测试设置参数(以测试损伤机制理论)。通过实现我的研究目标，发展蓬勃发展的HQP和研究团队，并在优秀的期刊上发表文章，我的研究计划将继续取得新的发现，并对生物力学和人体工程学领域产生重大影响。我的项目是加拿大唯一一个专注于使用这些方法来实现这些目标的项目，以确定和了解潜在的和现有的脊柱损伤机制。