Facilitation ultRahigh dOse-rate aNd spaTIally-fractionatEd Radiotherapy (FRONTIER)

促进超高剂量率和空间分割放射治疗（FRONTIER）

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03516
• 负责人: Bazalova, Magdalena
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762929
• 关键词: Facilitation; ultRahigh; dOse; rate; spaTIally

Each year about 80,000 Canadians succumb to cancer, the leading cause of death in our country corresponding to 30% of deaths. Radiation therapy, along with surgery and chemotherapy, is one of the three most common treatment options, but unfortunately its efficacy is limited by radiation side effects. Two novel RT techniques - ultrahigh dose-rate (FLASH) and spatially-fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) have recently shown great promise in improving outcomes of radiotherapy in a laboratory setting. FLASH radiotherapy consists of treatment dose delivery in sub-second intervals that are much shorter than the typical minute-long treatments. SFRT, on the other hand, is delivered with a set of small beams rather than with a uniform beam used in conventional radiotherapy. By means of FLASH and SFRT small animal studies performed on specialized equipment, reductions in radiotherapy side effects have been demonstrated for both treatment modalities. For example, mouse brains irradiated with FLASH experienced almost no cognitive function deterioration unlike mouse brains irradiated conventionally. SFRT performed on a rat model of glioblastoma multiforme, an aggressive form of brain cancer, resulted in a significantly increased mean survival from 34 days after conventional radiotherapy to 170 days. These two novel radiotherapy techniques, especially FLASH, are undoubtedly on the forefront of all current radiotherapy research and their translation to clinical use is tantalizing. Unfortunately, many obstacles must be overcome before these two radiotherapy modalities can be translated to the clinic for cancer patients' benefit. The overarching goal of this proposal is to accelerate the clinical translation of FLASH and SFRT by means of 1) building three FLASH and/or SFRT systems to enable widespread preclinical testing of these two treatment modalities, 2) providing accurate dose calculation methods for an objective interinstitutional comparison of FLASH and SFRT treatment outcomes and 3) developing equipment for real-time FLASH and SFRT dosimetry. Upon a successful completion of the proposed research, we will have provided the radiation oncology community with a number of necessary tools for widespread preclinical testing and clinical translation of FLASH and SFRT.

每年约有80，000加拿大人死于癌症，这是我国死亡的主要原因，占死亡人数的30%。放射治疗与手术和化疗沿着，是三种最常见的治疗选择之一，但不幸的是，其疗效受到放射副作用的限制。两种新的放射治疗技术-快速剂量率（FLASH）和空间分割放射治疗（SFRT）最近显示出很大的希望，在改善放射治疗的结果在实验室设置。FLASH放射治疗包括亚秒间隔的治疗剂量输送，比典型的分钟长治疗短得多。另一方面，SFRT是用一组小射束而不是用常规放射治疗中使用的均匀射束来递送的。通过在专用设备上进行的FLASH和SFRT小动物研究，已经证明两种治疗方式的放射治疗副作用减少。例如，与常规照射的小鼠大脑不同，用FLASH照射的小鼠大脑几乎没有认知功能恶化。在多形性胶质母细胞瘤（一种侵袭性脑癌）的大鼠模型上进行SFRT，导致平均生存期从常规放疗后的34天显著增加到170天。这两种新的放射治疗技术，特别是FLASH，无疑是目前所有放射治疗研究的最前沿，它们的临床应用是诱人的。不幸的是，在这两种放射治疗方式可以转化为临床癌症患者的利益之前，必须克服许多障碍。本提案的总体目标是通过以下方式加速FLASH和SFRT的临床转化：1）构建三个FLASH和/或SFRT系统，以便对这两种治疗方式进行广泛的临床前测试; 2）提供准确的剂量计算方法，以便对FLASH和SFRT治疗结局进行客观的机构间比较; 3）开发用于实时FLASH和SFRT剂量测定的设备。在成功完成拟议的研究后，我们将为放射肿瘤学界提供许多必要的工具，用于广泛的临床前测试和FLASH和SFRT的临床翻译。