Ecohydrological regulation of carbon and water interactions in natural and managed environments

自然和管理环境中碳和水相互作用的生态水文学调节

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06252
• 负责人: Johnson, Mark
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764574
• 关键词: Ecohydrological; regulation; carbon; water; interactions

My research program in ecohydrology has two long-term objectives: (1) to determine how multiple, interacting stressors (e.g., land-use and climatic change, and changes in water management) affect carbon and water interactions in natural and human-impacted ecohydrological systems; and (2) to leverage process-based knowledge from ecohydrology to improve the sustainability of land and water management. Improving our understanding of carbon fluxes between the biosphere, the hydrosphere and the atmosphere is essential for discerning human impacts on water and carbon cycles, as well as the climate system. This information is needed to develop and evaluate more sustainable soil and water management strategies under current and future climatic conditions. During the upcoming 5 years, I seek to address the following short-term objectives: [A] Evaluate aquatic metabolism as a control on ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes in wetlands; [B] Investigate controls on carbon transport, turnover, and fate in forested ecosystems; [C] Improve the sustainability of agricultural systems using a food-energy-water nexus approach; [D] Evaluate carbon fluxes in deep soil as a cross-cutting short-term objective. To address these objectives, we will employ several novel methods and refine analytical tools and techniques that we anticipate to be highly transferable beyond this program of research and significantly advance the field of ecohydrology. We will also utilize a custom data acquisition "ecosystem" that enables a common data pipeline across the different studies that comprise the proposed research program. In addition to streaming data from field-based sensors to a cloud-based server, it also permits remote activation of smart irrigation systems and smart water samplers. These can be triggered on demand and/or automated for activation based on environmental conditions (soil moisture levels in combination with weather forecasts for the smart irrigation system; streamflow levels and water quality status for smart water sampling). In addition to training in domain-specific methods and techniques, HQP will also be trained in automating data workflows, data grading, and management of data repositories and metadata. The proposed research program will provide training to at least 15 HQP, with considerations of equity, diversity and inclusion paramount at all stages, from HQP recruitment through to reference letters written at the end of training. Carbon fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) measured using eddy covariance flux towers along with assessments of aquatic metabolism and their controls in wetland, forested and agricultural systems will significantly advance our understanding of complex ecohydrological systems. This work will also evaluate opportunities to improve sustainability of the food-energy-water nexus, and to increase soil carbon sequestration.

我在生态水文学的研究计划有两个长期目标：（1）确定如何多个，相互作用的压力（例如，土地使用和气候变化以及水资源管理的变化）影响自然生态水文系统和受人类影响的生态水文系统中碳和水的相互作用;（2）利用生态水文学中基于过程的知识来提高土地和水资源管理的可持续性。 提高我们对生物圈、水圈和大气层之间碳通量的理解，对于辨别人类对水和碳循环以及气候系统的影响至关重要。在当前和未来的气候条件下，需要这些信息来制定和评估更可持续的土壤和水管理战略。在接下来的5年里，我寻求解决以下短期目标：[A]评估水生代谢作为对湿地生态系统规模的二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）通量的控制; [B]调查森林生态系统中碳运输，周转和命运的控制; [C]使用食物-能源-水关系方法提高农业系统的可持续性; [D]评估水生代谢对生态系统规模的二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）通量的控制。[D]评估深层土壤中的碳通量，将其作为一项跨领域的短期目标。为了实现这些目标，我们将采用几种新的方法和完善的分析工具和技术，我们预计是高度可转移的超出这个研究计划，并显着推进生态水文学领域。我们还将利用一个自定义数据采集“生态系统”，在包括拟议研究计划的不同研究中启用一个通用数据管道。除了将数据从基于现场的传感器传输到基于云的服务器之外，它还允许远程激活智能灌溉系统和智能水采样器。这些可以按需触发和/或根据环境条件自动激活（智能灌溉系统的土壤湿度水平与天气预报相结合;智能水采样的水流水平和水质状态）。 除了特定领域的方法和技术培训外，HQP还将接受数据工作流程自动化、数据分级以及数据存储库和元数据管理方面的培训。拟议的研究计划将为至少15名HQP提供培训，从HQP招聘到培训结束时撰写推荐信，在所有阶段都要考虑公平，多样性和包容性。 利用涡度协方差通量塔沿着测量的二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）的碳通量，以及对湿地、森林和农业系统中水生代谢及其控制的评估，将大大促进我们对复杂生态水文系统的理解。这项工作还将评估改善粮食-能源-水关系的可持续性和增加土壤碳固存的机会。