Greenhouse gas stable isotopes for investigating the carbon cycle

用于研究碳循环的温室气体稳定同位素

• 批准号: RTI-2023-00077
• 负责人: Dang, Duc
• 金额: $ 10.92万
• 依托单位: Trent University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765964
• 关键词: Greenhouse; gas; stable; isotopes; investigating

The global climate is directly related to the Earth's carbon (C) cycle, which includes major C sources and sinks. The capacity to accurately determine emission and capture processes of greenhouse gases (GHG), especially the mechanisms of CO2 and CH4 emissions from aquatic and terrestrial systems, is crucial in evolving our understanding of how Earth's systems adsorb and release carbon. In this context, we seek funds to purchase a dual carbon isotope analyzer that enables in situ and simultaneous analysis of 13C in CO2 and CH4. This type of analyzer is commonly equipped with the highly-sensitive cavity ring-down laser absorption spectroscopy technology to determine the mole fractions of 13C and 12C. The proposed equipment is needed for projects funded by three NSERC Discovery grants and Canada Research Chair, to tackle the C cycle in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assess novel solutions to mitigate GHG emissions from agroecosystems, wetlands, rice paddy fields, and mining sites. Specifically, the instrument enables the exploration into the mechanisms of GHG emission from environmental settings by evaluating C mineralization, microbial C use efficiency, impacts of climatic events and regenerative vs. conventional agricultural management. Besides, the isotope information advances current projects on negative emissions technologies through CO2 sequestration at mine sites and enhanced mineral weathering in agricultural soils. The flexibility in instrument configuration is unique and allows extensive training opportunities to higly qualified personnel (HQP), who will receive training in isotope fractionation theory, laser absorption spectroscopy, sample preparation, instrument use, data interpretation, quality control and quality assurance. The applied focus of this research, i.e., climate change mitigation and C capture technologies, offers globally impactful projects to a new generation of environmental scientists. The knowledge facilitates the decision process for more effective climate policy and actions, especially for Canada's roadmap to meet its Paris Agreement targets, e.g. Canada's Methane Strategy, 2030 Emissions Reduction and 2050 Net-Zero Emissions plans.

全球气候与地球的碳(C)循环直接相关，包括主要的碳源和碳汇。准确确定温室气体(GHG)的排放和捕获过程的能力，特别是水生和陆地系统二氧化碳和甲烷排放的机制，对于发展我们对地球系统如何吸收和释放碳的理解至关重要。在此背景下，我们寻求资金购买双碳同位素分析仪，以实现对二氧化碳和甲烷中13C的原位和同时分析。这种类型的分析仪通常配备高灵敏度的腔衰荡激光吸收光谱技术来测定13C和12C的摩尔分数。拟议的设备是由三个NSERC发现赠款和加拿大研究主席资助的项目所需的，以解决水生和陆地生态系统中的C循环问题，并评估减少农业生态系统、湿地、稻田和矿场温室气体排放的新解决方案。具体地说，该仪器能够通过评估碳矿化、微生物碳利用效率、气候事件的影响以及再生农业管理与传统农业管理来探索环境环境中温室气体排放的机制。此外，这些同位素信息通过在矿场封存二氧化碳和加强农业土壤的矿物风化，推动了当前负排放技术的项目。仪器配置的灵活性是独一无二的，为高资质人员(HQP)提供了广泛的培训机会，他们将接受同位素分馏理论、激光吸收光谱、样品制备、仪器使用、数据解释、质量控制和质量保证方面的培训。这项研究的应用重点，即气候变化缓解和碳捕获技术，为新一代环境科学家提供了具有全球影响力的项目。这些知识有助于更有效的气候政策和行动的决策过程，特别是加拿大实现其《巴黎协定》目标的路线图，例如加拿大的甲烷战略、2030年减排和2050年净零排放计划。