基于催化响应DNA杂化水凝胶的光子晶体传感新方法及环境中铀检测研究

铀是一种兼具化学和放射毒性的环境污染物，常规的检测方法存在仪器昂贵、难以现场检测等问题，开发便携、灵敏度高、选择性好的检测新方法对于防治环境铀污染具有重要应用价值。光子晶体水凝胶传感器是可视化检测领域的新兴方向，目前提高选择性和灵敏度是光子晶体传感器未来的发展趋势。本项目围绕铀酰离子的检测，利用脱氧核酶的高特异性催化特征和杂交链式反应的信号放大优势，拟构建“互穿双网络反蛋白石结构型”和“目标循环与杂交链式反应双重信号放大型”光子晶体DNA杂化水凝胶传感器。同时，研究光子晶体的信号调节机制，探讨DNA杂化水凝胶溶胀行为的影响因素，比较两种DNA杂化水凝胶对铀酰离子的响应能力，建立高通量的微阵列型传感器，完善光子晶体DNA杂化水凝胶检测体系，实现铀酰离子的高通量、高灵敏度、高选择性及可视化检测。为环境中铀酰离子的现场检测提供新方法、新技术，并推动光子晶体传感方法在其他污染物检测领域的应用。

Uranium is a kind of chemical toxic and radioactive pollutant. The common uranium detection methods usually require expensive instruments and have some difficulties for on-site detection. Therefore, there are of great significance to develop portable, sensitive and selective detection methods for environmental uranium pollution prevention. Photonic crystal hydrogel sensor is a novel field in visual detection, and improving specificity and sensitivity is the future development trend of photonic crystal sensors. In this proposal, we try to develop two kinds of photonic crystal DNA hybrid hydrogel (PCDHH) sensors for uranyl ion detection via combing the specific catalytic property of DNAzyme and the signal amplification of hybridization chain reaction, including double network inverse opal type and dual signal amplification of target recycling and hybridization chain reaction type. At the same time, we will further study the signal regulation mechanism of PCDHH, investigate factors influencing of PCDHH swelling behavior, compare the responses of two kinds of PCDHH to uranyl ions, prepare high throughput microarray biosensor, and improve the performance of PCDHH. The proposed PCDHH sensor not only demonstrates an effective sensing platform for on-site detection of uranyl ion in the environmental samples, but also will open a new avenue in the further development of detection methods for other pollutants.