介入术后肝细胞肝癌（HCC）复发是临床治疗的难题，而肝癌干细胞（LCSC）是HCC复发的根源。因此，有效发现并杀死LCSC是预防HCC复发的关键。本课题拟以LCSC的特异表面标志Ⅴ型钙通道α2δ1（CCα2δ1-Ⅴ）为靶点，制备高性能的PET/MR多模态分子影像探针，将PET成像与MR成像相结合，以期实现对LCSC分布位置的灵敏准确定位以及其数量的评估；在实现以LCSC为靶标的分子影像导航基础上，构建LCSC靶向的高性能智能纳米药物，经导管定向输送到肝癌组织，以期实现对肝癌细胞和LCSC的双靶向精准治疗。本项目建立的LCSC靶向多模态影像导航系统，为制定精准和个体化的HCC介入治疗方案，以及实时有效评估治疗效果提供理论基础和科学依据；在此平台所开发的LCSC靶向纳米药物，有望“根治”HCC，提高患者的生存期。

The recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after interventional therapy is a tough clinic problem. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSC) are responsible for HCC recurrence. Therefore, efficient detection and eradication of LCSC is critical for the prevention of HCC recurrence. This proposal will focus calcium channel α2δ1-Ⅴ (CCα2δ1-Ⅴ), a specific surface molecule of LCSC, as target, and design and fabricate PET/MR multi-modality imaging probes. The localization and the number of LCSC in HCC could be sensitively and accurately evaluated by the integration of PET and MR imaging. Moreover, we will construct LCSC-targeted intelligent nano-drug. On the basis of the navigation of LCSC-targeted molecular imaging, we can deliver the nano-drug into HCC tissue through catheter. Dual-targeted and accurate therapy for HCC could be accomplished through combining the target effect on both hepatocellular carcinoma cells and LCSC. LCSC-targeted multi-modality imaging navigation system set up in this project will provide theoretical basis and scientific foundation to the establishment of accurate and personalized HCC interventional therapy plan and real-time and effective evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. The LCSC-targeted nano-drug developed in this platform will potentially cure HCC radically and prolong patient survival duration.