甘蓝型油菜茎秆倒伏、菌核病抗性遗传定位及候选基因分析

油菜倒伏及菌核病使油菜大量减产、降低种子含油量，同时也不利于国内逐步推行的机械化收获。本项目通过构建SNP图谱，对茎秆倒伏、菌核病抗性、纤维素和木质素组分等性状进行遗传定位，寻找抗倒、抗病候选基因。研究内容包括：1）利用SNP标记构建DH群体（倒伏材料E54×中双11号）遗传图谱；2）考察DH群体两个年份倒伏指数、茎秆强度、菌核病抗性、纤维素、半纤维素及木质素含量；3）根据SNP遗传图谱和考察性状进行QTL定位，通过遗传图谱与已测序芸薹属物理图谱共线性比较分析，筛选重叠QTL区段候选基因；4）对候选基因在极端表型材料中进行DNA序列和mRNA表达分析，从中筛选2-3个候选基因；5）RACE方法克隆2-3个候选基因，构建正义和反义表达载体，遗传转化茎秆倒伏材料和正常材料，考察转基因植株抗病、抗倒及纤维素组分等性状。本研究结果可为甘蓝型油菜抗倒、抗病遗传育种提供新理论和方法。

Rapeseed lodging and Sclerotinia can cause the yield loses, reduce seed oil content and unfavorable for the ongoing mechanical harvest. To figure out the lodging and Sclerotinia resistant gene by SNP genetic map QTL mapping, our research includes the stem lodging and Sclerotinia resistance, cellulose and lignin content analysis in one DH population. The research includes: 1) Construct the genetic map by SNP markers using the DH population originated from the cross of lodging line E54 and Zhongshuang11; 2) Two years Investigate of the lodging index, stem strength, Sclerotinia resistance, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content of the DH lines; 3) QTL analysis of the investigated traits using the SNP genetic map and screen the possible candidate gene based on the QTL results and the collinear of the SNP map and sequenced Brassicacea physical map; 4) Select 2-3 genes based on the candidate gene DNA sequence and mRNA expression analysis among the extreme traits lines; 5) RACE Cloning the selected 2-3 genes, construct the sense and anti-sense vector, and transform the lodging line and normal line. Investigate the transgenetic plants morphology, anatomy and the traits used in QTL analysis. Our researches focus not only the rapeseed lodging resistance, but also the Sclerotinia resistance and the related traits, the results can promote the lodging and disease resistance research in B.napus.