神经再生和膀胱功能重建是组织工程膀胱修复重建的瓶颈。微囊（Microvesicles，MV）是神经发育、再生和细胞间交流的重要介质。人沃顿胶间充质干细胞（hWJMSCs）来源MV，含多种促神经生长因子，体外研究能促进膀胱神经再生。本研究将富集hWJMSCs来源MV，缓释修饰复层支架材料，并结合自体脂肪来源干细胞进行大面积膀胱缺损的动物研究。着重评价hWJMSCs来源MV对膀胱神经再生和功能重建的影响，阐明MV中的促神经修复的关键成分，如促神经生长因子、miRNA和相关信号通路，以及在神经-平滑肌接头占主导作用的受体及其作用途径。本研究将在我们前期工作的基础上，首次采用hWJMSCs来源MV，并结合组织工程和成体干细胞技术，为临床膀胱功能重建确立一种崭新的治疗策略；并探讨hWJMSCs来源MV促膀胱功能重建的相关机制，为最终获得形态和功能接近正常的组织工程膀胱奠定理论和技术基础。

Nerve regeneration and functional reconstruction of bladder is the key point of bladder regeneration by tissue engineering approach. Microvesicle is an important media for neurodevelopmental, never regeneration and intercellular communication. Microvesicles from human Wharton-Jelly mesenchymal stromal cells, contain a variety of pro-nerve growth factor, can promote bladder nerve regeneration in vitro. In this study, enrichment microvesicles from human Wharton-Jelly mesenchymal stromal cells, combined with adipose derived stem cells and multi-layer scaffold (BAMG-silk), carried out a large area of bladder defect reconstruction in an experimental study. The study will focus on the impact of hWJMSCs derived MV for bladder nerve regeneration and functional reconstruction, clarifying the critical components of MV to promote bladder reinnervation, such as pro-nerve growth factors, miRNA and related signaling pathways, as well as the dominant receptor in neuromuscular junction and their pathway. This study will establish the clinical features of a new treatment of bladder reconstruction strategy, combined the microvesicles with tissue engineering techniques to explore bladder repair mechanisms. The ultimate goal of our study is to lay a theoretical and technical foundation for getting both morphological and functional close to normal bladder by tissue engineering approach.