自主感光视网膜神经节细胞（ipRGCs）是视网膜神经节细胞的一个亚类，具有促进视网膜多巴胺的合成与释放、调控昼夜节律和睡眠的功能。既往研究证明，视网膜多巴胺可抑制眼轴过度增长、降低近视发病风险；昼夜节律紊乱和睡眠质量不佳可能会增加近视风险。我们前期建立一个儿童屈光发育队列，并抽取队列中的4名儿童进行ipRGCs功能定量评估，结果发现眼轴增长快者较眼轴增长慢者具有更差的ipRGCs功能。据此我们提出假说：ipRGCs是近视发病的关键因素，通过评估其功能可以预测近视发病风险。本项目拟1）对现有队列儿童采用光照后瞳孔反应法对ipRGCs功能进行定量测量；2）通过为期3年的前瞻性随访研究，明确ipRGCs功能对近视发病风险及屈光度变化的影响；3）探讨ipRGCs功能对与屈光度相关的眼球生物学参数的影响。本课题将从ipRGCs这个新视点进一步揭示近视的病因，为近视的防治工作提供理论依据。

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells（ipRGCs）are a subclass of retinal ganglion cells and have the ability of promoting the synthesis and release of the retinal dopamine and controlling the circadian rhythm and sleep. Previous studies have suggested that retinal dopamine can inhibit the excessive growth of axial length and reduce the risk of myopia, and the impairment of circadian rhythm and sleep might increase myopia risk. We evaluated the ipRGCs function quantitatively of 4 children selected from our pre-established children refractive development cohort and found that the children with fast rates of axial length growth had worse ipRGCs function than those with slow rates of axial length growth. Hereby, we propose the hypothesis that: ipRGCs are the key to incident myopia. This study aims 1) to evaluate the ipRGCs function quantitatively of current cohort children by using the post-illumination pupil response; 2) to determine the impact of ipRGCs function on incident myopia in current cohort children through a 3-year longitudinal follow-up study; 3) to correlate ipRGCs function with other myopia-related ocular parameters. This study will further reveal the cause of myopia from the new viewpoint of ipRGCs, to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia.