我国肺痨发生率居世界第二位，耐药肺痨居世界首位，西医治疗非常棘手。中医基于患者机体正虚和痨虫感染辨证施治，对肺痨治疗具有一定疗效。然而，由于中医证候辨证标准不统一，治法治则不规范，导致疗效低，未能发挥中医对肺痨的治疗作用。课题组曾用SELDI-TOF-MS法研究肺痨证候，发现了多个差异蛋白，建立了肺痨证候血清蛋白质指纹图谱。但该技术只能捕获少量蛋白质，无法鉴定证候差异蛋白。为此，本课题应用同位素标记相对和绝对定量（iTRAQ）法结合二维液相色谱串联质谱（2DLC-MS/MS）研究肺痨证候，对血清蛋白质进行同位素标记，经2DLC-MS/MS分离，直接鉴定证候标志性蛋白质，建立肺痨证候分型血清蛋白质图谱模型。本课题应用定量蛋白质组学技术，研究肺痨的证候分型，有助于规范肺痨中医治疗的辨证施治，提高中医疗效，推动中医防痨抗痨作用，并为阐明中医证候的生物学本质奠定科学依据。

China has the second largest number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world and ranked number one in terms of drug-resistant TB. It is difficult to treat TB with Western Medicine. Chinese Medicine has a certain effect on the drug-resistant TB, and in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with weak immunity and mycobacterium infection. Since there are no unified classification criteria for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome and no standardized treatment programs, the resulting low efficacy of Chinese medicine is unable to play a role in the treatment of TB. A number of studies have found differentially expressed proteins in TB using SELDI-TOF-MS methods and established markers for TB syndrome by proteomic fingerprinting of serum. However, the technology can only detect small amounts of protein, and unable to identify and quantify differentially expressed proteins. Therefore, in the present study we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) method coupled with two dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (2DLC-MS/MS) method for detecting isotope labeling of serum proteins in TB syndrome. Using 2DLC-MS/MS separation analysis, serum protein pattern model was established for the accurate quantification and direct identification of differentially expressed proteins in TB syndrome. The present study, using quantitative proteomics technology, will help to study the types TB syndrome, standardize diagnosis and treatment of TB in Chinese medicine, improve efficacy of Chinese medicine, promote the role of Chinese medicine against TB and lay the scientific basis to clarify the biological nature of TCM syndrome in TB.