我国是肺结核病高发的国家，其防治最突出的难点是缺乏疾病特异性的诊断标志物。为此，迫切需要研究肺结核病分子标志物，建立快速、敏感、特异的肺结核病诊断新方法。课题组前期应用Solexa测序技术发现并验证了肺结核病的特异性miRNAs。lncRNA/T-UCRs和miRNA同属非编码RNA，已被证明在生物体内发挥重要作用。为此，本课题将采用lncRNA芯片技术筛选和鉴定肺结核病特异lncRNA/T-UCRs；经RT -PCR验证，建立肺结核病血浆lncRNA/T-UCRs早期诊断模型，检测模型的灵敏度、特异性；并在lncRNA/T-UCRs阳性表达的外周血免疫细胞中，研究与之相互作用的结合蛋白及下游靶基因，揭示lncRNA/T-UCRs功能。本课题对肺结核病早期诊断，控制肺结核病传播，降低肺结核病的发病率具有重要的意义，并为建立一种肺结核病早期临床诊断技术奠定实验依据。

China is a country with high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). It is very difficult to prevent and treat TB due to the lack of disease-specific diagnostic markers. So, there is an urgent need to establish a rapid and sensitive new method for the diagnosis of TB. We previously found that serum miRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers for TB by Solexa sequencing. Considering that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also a kind of RNAs, we screened and identified TB-specific lncRNA/T-UCRs in the plasma of TB patients using lncRNA chip methods, and established a model for early diagnosis of TB by qRT-RCR. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic model were also evaluated. In order to reveal the function of MDR-TB-specific lncRNA/T-UCRs, we screened the binding proteins and downstream target genes in peripheral blood immune cells expressing lncRNA/T-UCRs. The study may play an important role in early diagnosis, dissemination control, and reducing morbidity of TB. It will also provide experimental basis for the establishment of an extensive and effective technique for early diagnosis of TB.