中国能源消费的高速增长离不开经济的高速增长，同时中国经济发展的一个重要特征是投资驱动，这其中宏观经济政策尤其是政府支出起到十分重要的作用。随着中国经济发展进入新常态，政府支出、人均能源消费都将呈现新的特征。研究政府支出对能源消费的影响，不仅具有一定的理论意义，且对改进政府宏观经济政策以优化能源结构，促进节能减排具有重要的现实意义。本研究将对主要OECD国家和国内不同地区的能源消费、经济发展、政府支出等变量，进行横向及纵向的比较和分析；在总结基本的经验事实基础上，建立政府支出对人均能源消费及其库兹涅茨曲线的影响的理论模型；对国际、省际面板数据进行实证检验，比较政府支出对人均能源消费及其库兹涅茨曲线的影响，分析其影响机制；进一步在库兹涅茨理论框架下，构建政府支出对人均能源消费结构影响的联立方程模型，模拟不同地区能源结构的变动趋势，并给出改进政府支出以促进地区能源结构优化的政策建议。

With the rapid growth of economic development, China’s energy consumption has experienced rapid growth. An important feature of China’s economic development is driven by investment, and macroeconomic policy has played an important role, especially government expenditure. As Chinese per capita income increase, and economic development has entered a new normal, per capita energy consumption, government spending will show new features. This study will select the typical developed OECD countries and China provinces, by using energy consumption, economic development and government spending variables, home and abroad, horizontal and vertical comparison and analysis would be given. By summing up the basic experiences and facts, a theoretical model of analyzing impact of government spending on per capita energy consumption and its Kuznets curve would be developed and the influence mechanism would be analyzed. Based on the theoretical model and the empirical model, measurement test on the international panel and provinces panel data would be used to measure the influence and its decomposition of government expenditure on per capita energy consumption and its Kuznets curve. Furthermore, still based on Kuznets curve theory, regional per capita energy structure simultaneous equations model would be established, and by panel data test, energy structure trend and the influence of government expenditure would be analyzed, and at last suggestions on improving government expenditure in order to saving energy consumption and reducing emissions would be given.