应用基因捕获高通量测序精准鉴定影响水牛产奶性状的关键基因研究

水牛是我国南方重要的乳、肉和役兼用大家畜，水牛产奶性状的培育是水牛品改和育种的关键。本课题拟综合二代HiSeq X Ten、三代PacBio和Hi-C测序技术，绘制中国沼泽型水牛与河流型水牛基因组精细图谱。通过比较基因组共线性分析，阐明沼泽型水牛、河流型水牛与奶牛染色体共线性关系，并结合奶牛QTL数据，水牛SNPs等基因组变异数据，候选影响水牛产奶性状的基因和变异。将候选基因变异位点和区域，通过应用超多重PCR靶向捕获基因组测序技术，对产奶水牛进行群体遗传分析，综合与奶水牛产奶量、蛋白量、乳脂量、乳蛋白率、乳脂率及体细胞数遗传效应关联分析，精确筛选确定真正的影响水牛产奶性状的致因基因或是遗传效应较大的基因。奶水牛基因组育种技术将会缩短奶水牛培育的世代间隔，对促进中国奶水牛的品种培育具有重要的科研价值和经济前景。

Buffalo is an important livestock for milk, meat and tillage in south of China, the milk production traits improvement is the primary direction of buffalo breeding. Here we propose to de novo sequencing the genome of China swamp type and river type buffalo by integrated splicing the data of the next generation sequencing HiSeq X Ten, the third generation PacBio and Hi-C techniques. By genome synteny analysis, establish the chromosome collinear relational of swamp buffalo, river buffalo and dairy cow, and combining analysis the dairy cow QTL data and the genome variation data such as buffalo SNPs, finally obtain the candidate genes that influence the milk production traits of buffalo. Then excavate the candidate SNPs and variation in the genome by multiple PCR targeting capture genome sequencing technology, and association analyze the relation of it with the milk yield, protein content, protein rate, fat content, fat rate, somatic cell count in the milk of buffalo and accurately screening the cause gene or main genetic effect gene that influence the milk production traits of buffalo. This study will do great help to establish the breeding technology of water buffalo in whole genome level, which can accelerate the cultivation of the new breed of high-quality milk buffalo in our country.