聚合物熔融纺丝纤维与脱细胞基质构成的杂化人工血管材料的构建与功能修饰研究

小口径人工血管应具备良好的生物相容性、力学性能和长期通畅性。聚合物材料具有良好的可加工性和力学性能。脱细胞基质材料具有优异的生物相容性和良好的组织再生性。如何将两者的优势整合起来用于血管材料的构建仍然是一个难题。为此，本项目拟采用载有聚合物熔融纺丝纤维骨架的管体作为模板，将其植入动物皮下，利用宿主对外源物自发的免疫包裹反应形成管状组织，移除管体后经脱细胞处理，获得由聚合物纤维与脱细胞基质构成杂化人工血管材料。为了实现杂化血管材料的长期通畅，本项目拟通过肝素与脱细胞基质的交联使其具有抗凝血性能；基于细胞外基质富含胶原的特性，通过胶原特异结合肽将促内皮化多肽修饰到材料表面，使其具有促进内皮化的功能。通过动物体内血管移植，研究杂化血管材料力学性能、脱细胞基质组成以及功能修饰对血管通畅与组织再生的调控作用，根据结果优化杂化血管材料的构建与功能修饰，以获得具有临床应用前景的新型人工血管。

Small-diameter vascular grafts should have good biocompatibility, mechanical property and patency. Synthetic materials possess good processability and mechanical properties. Decellularized extracellular matrix possesses excellent biocompatibility and can facilitate the remodeling process. However, up to date, it is a difficult problem to fabricate small-diameter vascular grafts possessing the advantages of both the synthetic materials and the dECM. In this study, we will employ the biodegradable polymer melt-spun fibers-wrapped tube as a templet for the formation of host-derived tissue capsule at the subcutaneous implantation site. After explanation, the tube will be removed and the tissue capsule will be dececellularized to reduce the immunogenicity, thus leaving behind the hybrid artificial vascular grafts consisting only of melt-spun fibers and dECM. To achieve the long-term patency of the hybrid vascular grafts in vivo, the heparin will be covalently conjugated to the grafts. The grafts will be further functionalized with the endothelialization-promoting pepides by using collagen-binding peptide (CBP). Finally, the animal vascular implantation model will be used to evaluate the patency and tissue regeneration capacity of the hybrid vascular grafts. In order to acquire some vascular grafts owning clinical application prospects, the construction conditions of the vascular grafts will be optimized according to the evaluation results.